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Med Term Vocab > Chap. 11 Urinary System D+C; Treatments > Flashcards

Chap. 11 Urinary System D+C; Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

anuria

A

absence of production of urine

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2
Q

diuresis

A

increase in urine production, patient goes to the bathroom more frequently but same amount

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3
Q

uremia

A

urine in the blood, toxic

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4
Q

what can anuria lead to?

A

uremia, urine in the blood

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5
Q

dysuria

A

painful or difficult urination, usually due to infection (UTI)

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6
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary discharge of urine (children + infants)

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7
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urina

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8
Q

does hematuria or uremia usually have a better prognosis?

A

hematuria because your blood is not toxic like in uremia

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9
Q

nocturnal enuresis

A

better wetter, involuntary discharge of urine while asleep

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10
Q

oliguria

A

only a small amount of urine is produced (scanty)

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11
Q

what is scanty?

A

when you feel like you need to go to the bathroom but only go a little, over and over

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12
Q

what could oliguria be from?

A

lack of fluid of partial renal failure, retention

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13
Q

polyuria

A

increase in urine production but the patient doesn’t go to the bathroom more frequently; they just have an increase in volume of urine excreted when they go but they go the same amount of times as a average person would

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14
Q

incontinence

A

uncontrollable urine excretion, cannot hold it (older/elderly) the older you get the worse it gets; due to weak muscular control; can happen after having kids bc everything is stretched; harder for women than men

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15
Q

retention

A

when urine is retained in the bladder and not excreted all the way; asking for an infection

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16
Q

what is the difference between a uremia and a hematuria

A

uremia is when there is urine circulating in your bloodstream, which is very toxic; means the kidney is not filtering correctly

hematuria is when waste has been filtered through the kidney and blood gets into it afterwards

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17
Q

what two signs occur with RF?

A

anuria and uremia

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18
Q

what is RF?

A

renal failure

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19
Q

cystolithiasis

A

presence of stones in the bladder

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20
Q

diabetes mellitus-glycosuria, hyperglycemia, polydipsia, polyuria

A

damage to nephron

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21
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

presence of stone in the kidney; predisposed potentially, SAD, many reasons (sorta idiopathic)

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22
Q

when does kidney stones become painful and what does it feel like?

A

they are not painful when they are in the kidneys, only when they start to pass; feels like back pain because they are ripping the mucous membrane

23
Q

nephrosclerosis

A

occurs when the “glob” of capillaries in the nephron scar over, hardening of the walls of the small arteries and arterioles of the kidney; can be from high BP and untreated diabetes

24
Q

phenylketonuria

A

PKU, infants born without the enzyme to break down phenylalanine; if left untreated it can cause intellectual and developmental disabilities

25
Q

how do they test to see if infants have PKU?

A

take a drop of blood from the infants heel to determine

26
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

PKD, disease which produces fluid filled sacs throughout the kidney

27
Q

renal failure

A

toxic condition of blood called uremia with anuria or oliguria

28
Q

what are the two ways you can get RF?

A

acute-anesthesia/infection or chronic- untreated diabetes/PKD

29
Q

RF: acute-anesthesia; infection

A

usually short, treatable

30
Q

RF: Chronic-untreated diabetes; PKD

A

usually no treatment; genetic; malformed/dysfunctional kidneys; transplant list immediately

31
Q

urinary tract infection

A

UTI, bacterial infection of the urinary tract, can result in acute RF if infection is allowed to travel up to kidney

32
Q

wilms tumor

A

childhood malignant cancer of the kidney

33
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual examination of the bladder; for looking for stones or infection

34
Q

urologist

A

treats everything except filtration issues or issues with the nephron itself

35
Q

KUB xray

A

xray of the kidneys, ureter and bladder; used to diagnose stones; easy, lost cost; not invasive

36
Q

urinalysis

A

lav test of urine, pee in a cup

37
Q

what is the med term for kidney?

A

renal

38
Q

dialysis or hemodialysis

A

treatment for renal failure; machine cleans the blood via a surgically created blood vessel called a fistula

39
Q

what type of dialysis is used for kids and acute RF?

A

peritoneal dialysis

40
Q

lithotripsy

A

uses ultrasound to break up stones, spinal anesthetic is usually used; 120 “taps” per min

41
Q

transplant

A

PKD, untreated diabetes and lupus

42
Q

lithotomy

A

surgery to remove a stone

43
Q

urinary catheterization

A

placement of a flexible tube into bladder through the urethra to collect urine (CATH)

44
Q

where are the kidneys located?

A

retroperitoneal; right next to the spine

45
Q

what is another name for the urinary system?

A

excretory system

46
Q

flitration

A

filter of blood from metabolic waste; waste from cellular respiration

47
Q

what are electrolytes

A

ions in the body

48
Q

waste storage and secretion

A

(method in which we get rid of things); storage of urine in the bladder

49
Q

what is the creation of RBC’s called?

A

hematopoiesis

50
Q

hormone production

A

erythropoietin; tells your bone marrow to produce RBCs; calcitriol- tells your small intestine to absorb calcium

51
Q

what is a decrease in calcium in your bones called?

A

osteoporosis

52
Q

homeostasis maintenance

A

regulates the pH of blood and regulating blood volume via water

53
Q

what does a nephrologist do?

A

does filtering issues on the kidneys

Med Term Vocab (20 decks)

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