Chap. 10 Special Senses Systems D+C

Question 1

Cataract

Answer 1

clouding of the lens from abnormal protein deposits; older folks, tx is cadaverous lens

Question 2

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 2

ruptured capillaries inside of the eye from untreated diabetes that can result in progressive vision loss, painless

Question 3

ectropion

Answer 3

eversion of the eyelid (turns outward) “hangs out” you can see the mucous membrane

Question 4

entropion

Answer 4

inversion of the eyelid (turns inward)

Question 5

what is the only treatment for ectropion and entropion

Answer 5

surgery

Question 6

glaucoma

Answer 6

disease where intraocular pressure causes damage to retina and optic nerve if left untreated, idiopathic, don’t need to be old

Question 7

what will happen if intraocular pressure is allowed to increase in a glaucoma?

Answer 7

will cause blindness

Question 8

does the optic nerve like pressure of any kind?

Answer 8

no, very sensitive

Question 9

what is treatment for a glaucoma

Answer 9

medicated eye drops, at every wellness checkup you will get a examination

Question 10

hordeolum

Answer 10

(stye) inflammation of an oil gland in the eyelid

Question 11

macular degeneration

Answer 11

progressive, age related deterioration of the macula, idiopathic, the macula has the highest density of cones so it gets blurrier and blurrier

Question 12

refractive disorders

Answer 12

disorders from irregularly shaped cornea or lens that affects the way light enters the eye and also the shape of the eye

Question 13

astigmatism

Answer 13

defective curvature of cornea producing blurred vision

Question 14

hyperopia

Answer 14

farsightedness; condition of shortened eyeball shape, can’t see up close

Question 15

myopia

Answer 15

nearsightedness; condition of elongated eyeball shape

Question 16

presbyopia

Answer 16

farsightedness in old people from reduced elasticity in lens

Question 17

retinal detachment

Answer 17

emergency condition of the eye which the retina spontaneously pulls away from the choroid layer of blood vessels, blindness occurs if not repaired, no pain

Question 18

strabismus

Answer 18

congenital, misalignment of eyes due to muscle weakness, crossed eyes

Question 19

bifocals

Answer 19

glasses that have 2 lenses in 1

Question 20

ophthalmoscope

Answer 20

tool used to view inside the eye

Question 21

Otorhinolaryngologist

Answer 21

ENT

Question 22

Acoustic Neuroma

Answer 22

Benign tumor that grows on the auditory nerve; results in hearing loss, ringing in ear, and balance problems

Question 23

Cholesteatoma

Answer 23

A cyst in the middle ear consisting of skin cells and cerumen; can damage ossicles without treatment, can result in hearing loss; removed with surgery

Question 24

Conductive deafness

Answer 24

ossicles not functioning properly due to scarring of joints (overuse and abuse); takes years and years to happen; significant when patient is older (joints become osteoarthritic and ossicles scar over)

Question 25

Nerve deafness

Answer 25

from damage to cochlea or auditory nerve or you are born with this type. Aka sensorineural hearing loss; treatment is cochlear implant

Question 26

overuse and abuse

Answer 26

younger people are getting hearing aids since the development of portable music devices; stay around or under 85 decibels, but many people are around 130 and that leads to scar tissues and conductive hearing loss.

Question 27

Impacted cerumen

Answer 27

wax that get so concentrated and stuck deep in canal; correct way to clean your ears is to use a q-tip only on the auricle (pinna) and use specialized ear drops that dissolve the wax or ear candling

Question 28

Meniere’s Disease

Answer 28

backup of fluid in cochlea and canals producing vertigo; if semicircle canals all have fluid feels like your spinning

Question 29

tinnitus

Answer 29

ringing in the ears

Question 30

vertigo

Answer 30

dizziness

Question 31

oritis media

Answer 31

“ear infection”, treatment is antibiotics or possibly tubes

Question 32

what happens to our eustachian tubes as we age?

Answer 32

they rotate from 40 degrees to 90 degrees, helps stop constant infections, if fluid can’t drain the eustachian tubes get red and puffy and its very painful

Question 33

what do doctors do once a kid gets 2-4 middle ear infections?

Answer 33

they will put in tubes to help drain that fluid, most likely won’t stay in for more than 2 years

Question 34

Ishihara color vision test

Answer 34

to check for colorblindness

Question 35

Visual acuity test

Answer 35

uses snellen chart

Question 36

audiometry

Answer 36

headphones with beep test

Question 37

LASIK

Answer 37

laser in situ keratotomy, laser correction of refractive disorders