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Med Term Vocab > Chap. 3 Muscle Parts; Directional Mvmts; D & C; Tests, Procedures, Procedures & Therapeutics; TX > Flashcards

Chap. 3 Muscle Parts; Directional Mvmts; D & C; Tests, Procedures, Procedures & Therapeutics; TX Flashcards

1
Q

origin

A

the attachment site that does not move when the muscle contracts; the end of the muscle that is anchored or where no motion takes place

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2
Q

insertion

A

the attachment site that moves during muscular contraction; the opposite end of the origin where motion takes place at a joint

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3
Q

tendon

A

a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone; ex: the achilles _______ attaches to the gastrocnemius muscle on the calf of the leg to the calcaneus or heel bone

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4
Q

ligaments

A

a fibrous cord of tissue that attaches bone to bone; usually impacts stability by holding structures together; contributes greatly to joint stability

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5
Q

agonist

A

the muscle that produce the primary movement

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6
Q

antagonist

A

the muscle that works against the movement; opposite movement

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7
Q

abduction

A

movement of a body part away from the midline

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8
Q

adduction

A

movement of a body part toward the midline

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9
Q

inversion

A

turning the sole of the foot inward

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10
Q

eversion

A

turning the sole of the foot outward

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11
Q

elevation

A

raising a body part (shoulders)

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12
Q

depression

A

lowering a body part

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13
Q

flexion

A

bending a joint or decreasing the angle

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14
Q

extension

A

straightening a joint; increasing the angle

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15
Q

hyperextension

A

straightening a joint beyond it’s normal range of motion

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16
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending your ankle so your toes are up

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17
Q

plantar flexion

A

bending your ankle so your toes are towards the plants

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18
Q

rotation

A

movement of a body part around its longitudinal axis

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19
Q

pronation

A

turning the palm of your hand dorsally

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20
Q

supination

A

turning the palm of the hand ventrally

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21
Q

circumduction

A

rotation of the limb in a circle

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22
Q

opposition

A

approximating of the thumb to each finger

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23
Q

adhesion

A

scar tissue that can develop in a muscle post injury (gristle in steak) it abnormally binds muscle fibers or muscles together

24
Q

atrophy

A

wasting away or disintegration of muscle either because of non-use or pathology

25
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome of CTS

A

pitching of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel

26
Q

fasciitis

A

inflammation of the fascia (thin membrane that cover, surrounds, and protects muscles)

27
Q

hemiparesis

A

half (right or left side) of body is slightly paralyzed

28
Q

hemiplegia

A

half the body completely paralyzed; brain issue (stroke)

29
Q

impingement syndrome

A

tendonitis in the shoulder due to osteoarthritis and overuse (in rotator cuff muscles)

30
Q

myalgia

A

pain in muscle

31
Q

myorrhexis

A

rupture in muscle

32
Q

rhabdomyoma
rhabdomyosarcoma

A

benign
muscular cancerous tumor

33
Q

sarcopenia

A

atrophy in elderly population; muscle fibers don’t regenerate as quickly

34
Q

spasm

A

tightening of a muscle or portion of muscle abnormally

35
Q

strain

A

muscle or tendon tear; graded 1-3; differences in healing times and prognosis; treatment is PT and RICE

36
Q

tremor

A

random uncontrollable movements of the muscle abnormally (parkinson’s disease)

37
Q

biopsy

A

extraction of tissue for microscopic examination

38
Q

deep tendon reflexes or DTR

A

used to check nerve functionality to muscles

39
Q

electromyogram

A

test to validate muscle can contract normally; uses an electric stimulator to see if the muscle contracts

40
Q

gonimetry

A

method used to measure range of motion; used in rehab a lot to pinpoint the location of the problem

41
Q

magnetic resonance imaging or MRI

A

order in the event our patient is not responding to treatment for the muscular injury; expensive; uses magnets

42
Q

nuclear medicine imaging or NMI

A

“bone scan” used to detect cancerous tumor by using a radioactive tracer intravenously

43
Q

radiography

A

field of imaging- all of them

44
Q

sonography

A

ultrasound

45
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

pain in the sole of the foot due to falling arch/stretching of plantar fascia

46
Q

ataxia

A

without coordination (proprioception) is just bad

47
Q

dystaxia

A

very bad coordination

48
Q

myoplasty

A

surgical repair of muscle

49
Q

physical therapy or PT

A

profession that rehabilitates muscular system

50
Q

range of motion or ROM therapy

A

geared towards increasing ROM

51
Q

RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation; treatment for musculotendinous injuries; ice used in acute phase of healing; 1st 24-48 hours post injury for 20 min/hour. alternate moist heat and ice after acute phase

52
Q

analgesic

A

pain reliever; group of medicines; ex: a narcotic (suppresses the nerve)

53
Q

anti-inflammatory

A

NSAID or steroid (corticosteroids) decreases inflammation

54
Q

antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

A

muscle relaxer

55
Q

narcotic

A

pain control by depressing the central nervous system

56
Q

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug or NSAID

A

advil, aleve, tylenol; hard on digestive system and liver; can cause ulcers in your stomach

Med Term Vocab (20 decks)

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