Chap. 1 Diseases/Conditions Part 2 Flashcards
listening to heart/lungs with a stethoscope
auscultation
what the doctor see on the patient during an exam (objective: can be measured and reproduced)
signs
subjective, whose patients report they feel
Symptoms
using light or firm pressure on skin with hands to look for abnormalities
palpation
the identification of a disease by a doctor
diagnosis
a forecast or prediction of the outcome of a patients disease/condition
prognosis
smallest unit of life
cell
a group of cells
tissue
a group of tissues
organ
a group of organs
body system
a group of body systems working together
organism
protects the body by functioning as a physical barrier against microorganisms that cause disease, harmful chemicals, and the ultraviolet rays of the sun; regulates temperature and fluid control; pro- fl duces vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption; provides sensory information to the brain through nerve receptors in the skin, which conduct messages about touch, pressure, pain, and temperature.
integumentary system
provides support and shape for the body; protects the internal organs and tissues; produces red blood cells; stores minerals such as calcium.
skeletal system
allows voluntary and involuntary body movement; produces body heat through energy generated by the muscles
muscular system
transmits messages about sensory stimuli between the brain and the other parts of the body
nervous system
works with the immune system to protect the body from microorganisms that cause disease; maintains a proper balance of blood and lymphatic fluid in the body
lymphatic system
transports life-sustaining oxygen through the blood to the organs and tissues of the body; expels carbon dioxide through the lungs; filters airborne pollutants and some microorganisms from the respiratory tract; regulates pH (acid-base) levels in the body.
respiratory system
pumps blood containing oxygen and nutrients throughout the body; carries carbon dioxide to the lungs and other chemical waste products to the kidneys and lungs, which eliminate them from the body.
cardiovascular system
responsible for the ingestion (taking in), breakdown, and absorption of nutrients and the removal of solid waste products from the body.
digestive system
Filters blood to remove waste products and regulates electrolyte and fluid fl balance in the body.
urinary system
Allow human beings to produce offspring, ensuring the survival of the species.
reproductive system
used for chest x-rays and assessment for neurological deficits and sudden rise in blood pressure upon standing
erect position
a semi sitting position ex: used for comfort and rest
fowlers position
used for rectal and pelvic exams
knee-chest position
recovery position, to help recover during illness, injury, and surgery, during labor to prevent pressure on the inferior vena cava
lateral position
for breast cancer care, bedsore treatment, sleeping/resting position in children
prone
used for rectal exams
sims´ position
used for CT and MRI scans, xrays
supine
study or identification of the structure/part
anatomy
study of the function of that part
physiology
an imaginary cut/division through the human body
body planes
terms that are created from body planes used for identification
body directions
universal position
anatomical position
cuts into unequal right and left chunks- runs front to back
sagittal
runs directly through the midline (nose) equal right and left chunks
midsagittal
through the ears- front and back
frontal/coronal
across the body top and bottom
transverse
cranial and spinal
dorsal cavities (brain and spinal cord)
thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic
ventral cavities (heart and lungs, digestive system, urinary system and reproductive system
