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Med Term Vocab > Chap. 9 Nervous System Anatomy > Flashcards

Chap. 9 Nervous System Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the Nervous System

A

Sensory Input, Integration, Motor output

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2
Q

sensory input

A

any electrical impulse sent from the eyes, ear, nose, tongue, or skin to the CNS

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3
Q

Integration

A

information from the sensory organs, is interpreted

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4
Q

Motor output

A

the response generated from the interpretation of sensory input

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5
Q

voluntary movement

A

skeletal muscles

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6
Q

involuntary movement

A

cardiac and smooth muscle

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7
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

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8
Q

what is in the CNS?

A

brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system, responsible for sensory information

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10
Q

what is in the PNS

A

all nerves outside the CNS, voluntary and involuntary

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11
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

communicate with internal organs and glands (automatic/involuntary)

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12
Q

what are the two types in the Autonomic nervous system

A

the sympathetic division (arousing, flight or fight, HR increases, D.S. shuts down)
parasympathetic division (calming, everything is normal like BP and HR)

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13
Q

somatic nervous system

A

communicate with sensory organs and voluntary muscles (voluntary)

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14
Q

what are the two types in the Somatic nervous system

A

sensory (afferent) nervous system (sensory input) body to brain

motor (efferent) nervous system (motor output)
brain to body

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15
Q

brain

A

coordinates all activities of the body by receiving and transmitting message throughout the body

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16
Q

CSF

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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17
Q

what does cerebral spinal fluid do

A

protects the brain and fills the ventricles (cavities in the brain)

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18
Q

right side of the brain

A

controls the left side of body, music/art, creativity, intuition, emotions, face recognition, subjectivity

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19
Q

left side of the brain

A

control right side of body, numbers/math/scientific skills, language, logic, reasoning, objectivity

20
Q

cerbrum

A

two hemispheres

21
Q

occipital lobe

A

eyesight/vision

22
Q

temporal lobe

A

smell and hearing, language, factual and visual memory

23
Q

frontal lobe

A

controls movement, personality and emotion, problem solving, speech

24
Q

parietal lobe

A

receives and interprets sensory impulses to touch, pain, pressure and temperature

25
Q

Dienephalon

A

posterior part of the forebrain with three endocrine glands

26
Q

thalamus

A

sensory “traffic director”

27
Q

hypothalamus

A

controls vital functions, HR; BP; body temp; hormones; hunger; thirst and digestion

28
Q

pineal

A

circadian rhythm; sleep wake cycle

29
Q

Brain Stem

A

connects the cerebrum with spinal cord and controls vital signs and sleep patterns

30
Q

pons

A

“bridge” where nerves cross over

31
Q

midbrain

A

passage way for electrical impulses “highway for nerves”

32
Q

medulla oblongata

A

vital functions; respiration rate, HR, BP and temp, not hunger or thirst

33
Q

difference between language and speech

A

language in the temp lobe: what language you speak in

speech: how you make the sounds you make to produce words and sounds

34
Q

cerebellum

A

control balance and equilibrium

35
Q

what does the cerebellum provide (not what it does)

A

precise timing for skeletal muscle activity and coordination of body movements

36
Q

spinal cord

A

highway of nerves, transmits nerve impulses between the brain, limbs, and lower part of the body
Protected by CSF and the spinal column
Composed of neural tissue
both directions of impulses (sensory + motor) but different nerves inside the spinal cord

37
Q

protection of CNS

A

to protect from pathogens

38
Q

what are the 5 things that protect the CNS

A

scalp + skin
skull + vertebral column
meninges
cerebrospinal fluid
blood-brain matter

39
Q

meninges

A

three membranes that line and enclose the skull and spinal cord (called the dura matter, arachnoid matter, and pia matter)
dura matter is the outermost one, then arachnoid matter, the pia matter

40
Q

cerebrospinal fluid

A

CSF, similar to blood plasma composition

41
Q

blood-brain barrier

A

these are the least permeable capillaries of the body barrier to exclude or prevent many potentially harmful substances to have access to the brain but with some exceptions:
– Fats and fat soluble molecules
– Respiratory gases
– Alcohol
– Nicotine
– Anesthesia

42
Q

PNS primary functions

A

receive and transmit messages to and from all part of the body

43
Q

neuron

A

basic cell of the nervous system (nerve cell)

44
Q

afferent nerves

A

sensory nerves: send messages toward the CNS
ex: touching a hot object is sensed by the brain as hot to the touch

45
Q

efferent nerves

A

motor nerves: receives messages from the CNS
ex: your hands pull away from the hot cup once touched

Med Term Vocab (20 decks)

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