Chap 6.3 & 6.4 Slides Flashcards
What was the Public Entertainment in Rome?
- Romans of all classes enjoyed circus, chariot races
- Held in Circus Maximus—racetrack could hold 250,000 spectators
- Also liked theater, mimes, jugglers, dancers, acrobats, clowns
What were the Bloody Spectacles enjoyed by the Romans?
- Romans enjoyed spectacles in amphitheaters
- Wild animals battled each other and professional fighters
- Gladiator contests most popular, performed in Colosseum for 50,000 people
What was Rome’s Cultural Legacy?
Roman culture continued to influence life for centuries. In fact, we can still see many of the legacies of the great empire today.
What was the Science and Engineering in Rome?
•Romans less interested in original scientific research than in collecting and organizing information
What did Galen accomplish?
- Physician, AD 100s
- Wrote volumes summarizing all medical knowledge of his day
- Greatest authority in medicine for centuries
Who was Ptolemy?
•Ptolemy stated knowledge of others as single theory in astronomy
What was Roman Architecture like?
- Many examples still seen throughout southern Europe, northern Africa, Southwest Asia
- Round arch and the vault
What were advances in Roman architecture?
- Arch, vault allowed Romans to construct larger buildings than earlier societies
- Have been used for centuries, still seen in many countries
What was Roman languages?
- Romance languages developed from Latin
- Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian
What was Law like in Rome?
- Romans used system called civil law, based on written code
- Branches of government
What was a legacy of Roman literature?
- Technique of satire derived from Roman authors
- For centuries, writers have borrowed from authors like Virgil
Where does English come from?
•English owes much vocabulary to Latin
What was legacy of Civil Law Systems?
- Systems carried to Asian, African, American colonies
- Roman influence still seen in today’s legal system worldwide
What was Judaism in the Roman World?
•63 BC, Romans conquered Judaea (Israel) ,
chose new Jewish King,
but Roman Prefect (Governor) rule region
What was the Roman Compromise?
- Jews had to pay tribute to Romans but unwilling to abandon Judaism for polytheistic religion of Romans
- Roman leaders allowed Jews to practice religion as long as they paid tribute and maintained civic order
Who was Jesus of Nazareth?
A spiritual leader named Jesus of Nazareth emerged, teaching people to prepare for God’s Judgment Day
Where does nearly all knowledge of Jesus come from?
•Nearly all knowledge of Jesus comes from Gospels—first four books of New Testament
Where does today’s Christian Bible come from?
- New Testament and books of Hebrew Bible make up today’s Christian Bible
- Jesus born in Bethlehem, near Jerusalem
- Learned carpentry, studied writings of Jewish prophets
Who did Jesus preach to?
How did he win followers?
- Jesus preached message of God, gathered group of 12 disciples
- Created excitement by performing miracles of healing; defending poor, oppressed
What did Jesus preach?
- Instructed people to repent of sins, seek God’s forgiveness
- Must love God above all, love others as much as self
How did Jesus die?
Why?
Jesus’s popularity, crowds alarmed authorities who feared political uprisings
•Jesus arrested & sentenced to death by Roman Governor Pontius Pilate
What happened after Jesus’ death?
•According to New Testament, after crucifixion
–Jesus rose from dead
–Spent 40 days teaching disciples
–Ascended into heaven
•Followers believed Resurrection, Ascension revealed Jesus as the Messiah
How did Christianity spread?
After Jesus’s death, his disciples began teaching that all people could achieve salvation and everlasting life
Who spread Jesus’ teachings?
- Jesus’s 12 disciples worked to spread the message
- Apostles traveled widely
Who was Paul of Tarsus?
- Paul, originally known as Saul, born in Tarsus, in Asia Minor
- Had actively opposed those teaching that Jesus was the Messiah
- Paul converted. If not for his work, Christianity might have remained a branch of Judaism
What happened to Christians?
- As Christianity spread through Roman world, some local officials feared Christians conspiring against them; arrested, killed many Christians
- Those killed seen by Christians as martyrs, people who die for their faith
Why were the Christians persecuted?
•Large-scale persecution by Romans grew as rulers saw Christianity as threat
What ended the persecution of the Christians?
•Emperor Constantine converts to Christianity
How did Christianity become accepted?
- AD 313, Constantine made Christianity legal within empire, Edict of Milan
- Constantine & Priests select the Gospels, voted on the divinity of Jesus
What religion disappeared from the Roman empire?
•By late 300s, polytheism gradually disappeared from empire
