Chap 6.2 Slides

Question 1

When Rome became an empire, what was The First Triumvirate

Answer 1

• Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompey, Licinius Crassus
• Caesar and Pompey were successful military commanders
• Crassus was one of wealthiest people in Rome
• 60 BC, the three took over Roman state, ruled as First Triumvirate

Question 2

What led to End of Triumvirate?

Answer 2

• Crassus died; Pompey, Caesar fought civil war
• Caesar defeated Pompey, took full control of Rome, became dictator for life, 44 BC

Question 3

What did Caesar do to Rome?

Answer 3

• Caesar brought many changes to Rome
• Senate feared he would destroy Roman Republic, murdered him

Question 4

What was The Second Triumvirate?

Answer 4

• 43 BC, Second Triumvirate took power—Caesar’s adopted son, Octavian; loyal officer Marc Antony; high priest Lepidus
• Lepidus pushed aside; Antony, Octavian agreed to govern half the empire each, Octavian in west, Antony in East

Question 5

What was the Civil War?

Answer 5

• Civil war between Octavian, Antony broke out
• Octavian defeated Antony and his ally, Egypt’s Queen Cleopatra
• Cleopatra, Antony committed suicide; Octavian alone controlled Rome

Question 6

What happened after the Civil War?

Answer 6

Republic effectively dead; new period in Roman history beginning

Question 7

What was The Augustan Age known for?

Answer 7

New Imperial Government

Question 8

How did Augustus rule?

Answer 8

Augustus head of state more than 40 years, made smooth transition to new imperial government with power divided between him and Senate

•Most matters under Augustus’s control

Question 9

What was Foreign Affairs like in the Augustan Age?

Answer 9

• Started program to bring peace to west
• Began series of conquests that pushed border eastward
• Also took special care of Rome itself

Question 10

What was the Legacy of The Augustan Age?

Answer 10

• Created police force, fire brigades; stockpiled food, water
• Presided over moral, religious reforms

Great period of cultural creativity; great writers like Horace, Ovid, Virgil

Question 11

What was The Pax Romana?

Answer 11

The period from the beginning of Augustus’ reign in 27 BC until AD 180 is called the Pax Romana—the Roman Peace:

Question 12

How were the provinces governed during The Pax Romana?

Answer 12

• Empire divided into provinces ruled by governors appointed from Rome
• Provincial government fair, efficient
• Government in Rome kept close check on governors
• Any citizen could appeal unfair treatment directly to emperor

Question 13

How was the government during the Pax Romana?

Answer 13

Stable government, strong legal system, widespread trade, and peace

Question 14

What was the Empire like in The Pax Romana?

Answer 14

Empire brought uniformity to the cities of the Mediterranean world, which were governed in imitation of Rome.