Ch7 Flashcards
What are two divisions of efferent division of peripheral nervous system?
Somatic nervous system ( voluntary),
Autonomic nervous system ( involuntary)
What are two functional classifications in peripheral nervous system?
Sensory (afferent) division, motor (efferent) division
What are two structural classifications of peripheral nervous system?
Ganglia,
Nerves outside brain and spinal cord (spinal nerves, cranial nerves)
Which supporting cell produce murkiness sheaths in central nervous system ?
Oligodendrocyte
What are the regions of brain?
Cerebrum (cerebral hemisphere), diencephalon,cerebellum, brain stem
What is the function of astrocytes?
Anchor neurons and blood vessels,
Maintain extracellular environment around neurons,
Assist in the formation of the blood-brain barrier
What are the neuroglial cells found in the CNS?
Microglial cells, obligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, astrocytes
What are the functions of myelin sheath?
Protect and insulate the axons, speed up conduction of action potential
What are three basic regions of each cerebral hemisphere?
Cortex of gray matter, internal area of white matter, basal nuclei
What is composition of white matter of the brain?
Myelinated nerve fibers
What name is given to the cerebrospinal fluid filled cavities within the brain?
Ventricles
Transmission of nerve impulses along ANS pathways is generally much slower than along somatic fibers. Why?
Postganglionic fibers of ANS are u myelinated fibers, which conduct much more slowly than the myelinated fibers that are typical of somatic nerve fibers.
Why must premature babies be placed in incubators until their hypothalamus mature?
Due to inability to regulate the body temperature
Where the pineal gland is located?
In the epithalamus
What is the region where there is a gross crossover of fibers of descending pyramid tracts?
Medulla
What is the brain area through which all the sensory input is relayed to get to the cerebral cortex?
Thalamus
Which brain area is most concerned with equilibrium, body posture, and coordination of motor activity?
Cerebellum
Motor efferent neuron carries signals from — to —.
The CNS, the PNS
How many components make up a simple reflex arc?
5
A sensory receptor
An effetor organ (muscle or gland)
Sensory and motor neuron (to connect the two above)
The CNS integration center
(Synapse or interneuron between sensory and motor neuron)
Which is the only cranial nerve that leave face and neck region and travels down to the heart, lungs, and stomach?
X vagus
What structure detects the amount of stretch or tension in skeletal muscle, tendon, and joint?
Proprioceptors
What are group of neural cell bodies in CNS?
Neuclei
The preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are located in the brain nuclei of which cranial nerve?
III oculomotor
VII facial
IX glosspharyngeal
X vagus
A neurotransmitter is released from the —.
Presynaptic terminal
The tightly packed coil of the Schwann cell plasma membranes that encircle certain kinds of axons is termed the —.
Myelin sheath
What plays an important role in regulating voluntary movement?
Basal ganglia
All motor and association neurons are —.
Multipolar
