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ANAT 14 > Ch6 > Flashcards

Ch6 Flashcards

0
Q

Prefix — refers to “flesh”

A

sarco

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1
Q

Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of —.

A

microfilaments

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2
Q

Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated. For this reason, these types of muscle cells called — —.

A

Muscle fibers

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3
Q

What are the main three muscles that move the forearm?

A

Anterior biceps brachii
Anterior and lateral bracioradialis
Posterior triceps brachii

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4
Q

What is the arrangement of the smaller structure that provides banding patterns on skeletal muscle?

A

Myofilaments

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5
Q

— provides final ‘go’ signal for muscle contraction.

A

Calcium

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6
Q

Within skeletal muscle, not all fibers may be
stimulated during the same interval.
True or false?

A

True

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7
Q

What is the muscle that raises

corners of the mouth?

A

Zygomaticus

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8
Q

What is the muscles that closes mouth and

protrudes the lips?

A

Orbicularis oris

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9
Q

What are the chewing muscles?

A 
 Masseter—closes the 
jaw and elevates 
mandible 
 Temporalis—synergist 
of the masseter, closes 
jaw
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10
Q

What muscle pulls the corners of the mouth

inferiorly ?

A

Platysma

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11
Q

What muscle flexes the neck, rotates the head?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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12
Q

What are the muscles composed of abdomen girdle?

A

Rectus Abdominis
External and internal obliques
Transversus Abdominis

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13
Q

Which posterior muscle makes back

extension

A

Erector spinae

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14
Q

Which posterior muscle flexes the spine laterally?

A

Quadratus lumborum

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15
Q

Which muscle supinates forearm, flexes elbow?

A

Bicep brachii

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16
Q

What muscles involve in elbow flexion?

A

Bicep brachii, brachialis

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17
Q

What is antagonist to biceps brachii and works on elbow extension?

A

Tricep brachii

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18
Q

Which muscle works on hip abduction, steadies pelvis when walking?

A

Gluteus medius

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19
Q

Which muscle works on hip flexion, keeps the
upper body from falling backward
when standing erect?

A

Iliopsoas

20
Q

Which muscle flexes the thigh?

A

Sartorius

21
Q

What are the Muscles causing movement

at the knee joint?

A

Hamstring group
(Bicep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus)
Sartorius
Quadriceps group

22
Q

What are the quadriceps group?

A

Muscles in leg that extend knee
Rectus femoris
Three vastus muscles (vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)

23
Q

What muscles work on dorsiflexion and foot

inversion?

A

Tibialis anterior

24
Q

What muscle work on toe extension and dorsiflexion of the foot?

A

Extensor digitorum longus

25
Q

What muscles work on dorsiflexion?

A

Extensor digitorum longus

Tibialis anterior

26
Q

Which muscle works on plantar flexion and everts foot?

A

Fibularis muscles

27
Q

What muscles work in plantar flexion?

A

Fibularis muscles, soleus, gastrocnemius

Together Soleus and
Gastrocnemius via the
Calcaneal tendon
plantarflex the foot

28
Q

What are the antagonist of the hamstring group?

A

Quadriceps on anterior thigh

29
Q

What are two good sites for intramuscular injections in adult?

A

Gluteus medius, deltoid

30
Q

What are the common characteristics of all types of muscles?

A

Elongated (skeletal & smooth), contract by myofilaments (actin & myosin), has prefix (myo, mys, sarco)

31
Q

Three characteristics of smooth muscle

A

Visceral, non-striation, involuntary

32
Q

Three characteristics of cardiac muscle

A

Cardiac, striated, involuntary

33
Q

In microscopic muscle, where is the calcium stored and released on demand for muscle contraction?

A

Sarcoplasmic recticulum

34
Q

What are the properties of muscle cells?

A

Excitability, contractility
(Responsiveness, shorten)

Which leads to extensibility and elasticity

35
Q

What is the sliding filament theory?

A

Activation by nerve causes myosin head to attach to binding site of thin filament.
Then, myosin head pull the actin filament to the center of sarcomere.
Continue this action causes a sliding actin filament along the myosin.
This results in muscle contraction

36
Q

What is muscle movement that combines flexion, extension, addiction, or abduction?

A

Circumduction

37
Q

What is the antagonist of sternocleidomastoid?

A

Trapezius that extends head and which elevate, depress, adduct, and stabilize scapula

38
Q

The neurotransmitter — is vital to proper muscle functioning.

A

Acetylcholine

39
Q

Referring to the muscle attachment to bone, — is the immovable attachment site.

A

Origin

40
Q

Exercise throughout life helps to retain both — and —.

A

Strength and mass

41
Q

A fascicle is wrapped by a layer of connective tissue called —.

A

Perimysium

42
Q

The muscle whose action is dorsiflexion and inversion of foot is the —.

A

Tibialis anterior

43
Q

Muscles that are concerned with bracing actions are called —.

A

Fixators

44
Q

The bending or movement of a limb toward the midline of the body is known as —.

A

Adduction

45
Q

The nuclei of skeletal muscle cells are pushed aside by long, ribbonlike organelles called —, which nearly filled with cytoplasm.

A

Myofibrils

46
Q

Muscles have several —- — that influence their force and degree of shortening.

A

Fascicle arrangement

47
Q

What muscles are making facial expressions?

A

Frontali, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, Zygomaticus

ANAT 14 (16 decks)

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