Ch6 Flashcards
Prefix — refers to “flesh”
sarco
Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of —.
microfilaments
Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated. For this reason, these types of muscle cells called — —.
Muscle fibers
What are the main three muscles that move the forearm?
Anterior biceps brachii
Anterior and lateral bracioradialis
Posterior triceps brachii
What is the arrangement of the smaller structure that provides banding patterns on skeletal muscle?
Myofilaments
— provides final ‘go’ signal for muscle contraction.
Calcium
Within skeletal muscle, not all fibers may be
stimulated during the same interval.
True or false?
True
What is the muscle that raises
corners of the mouth?
Zygomaticus
What is the muscles that closes mouth and
protrudes the lips?
Orbicularis oris
What are the chewing muscles?
Masseter—closes the jaw and elevates mandible Temporalis—synergist of the masseter, closes jaw
What muscle pulls the corners of the mouth
inferiorly ?
Platysma
What muscle flexes the neck, rotates the head?
Sternocleidomastoid
What are the muscles composed of abdomen girdle?
Rectus Abdominis
External and internal obliques
Transversus Abdominis
Which posterior muscle makes back
extension
Erector spinae
Which posterior muscle flexes the spine laterally?
Quadratus lumborum
Which muscle supinates forearm, flexes elbow?
Bicep brachii
What muscles involve in elbow flexion?
Bicep brachii, brachialis
What is antagonist to biceps brachii and works on elbow extension?
Tricep brachii
Which muscle works on hip abduction, steadies pelvis when walking?
Gluteus medius
Which muscle works on hip flexion, keeps the
upper body from falling backward
when standing erect?
Iliopsoas
Which muscle flexes the thigh?
Sartorius
What are the Muscles causing movement
at the knee joint?
Hamstring group
(Bicep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus)
Sartorius
Quadriceps group
What are the quadriceps group?
Muscles in leg that extend knee
Rectus femoris
Three vastus muscles (vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)
What muscles work on dorsiflexion and foot
inversion?
Tibialis anterior
What muscle work on toe extension and dorsiflexion of the foot?
Extensor digitorum longus
What muscles work on dorsiflexion?
Extensor digitorum longus
Tibialis anterior
Which muscle works on plantar flexion and everts foot?
Fibularis muscles
What muscles work in plantar flexion?
Fibularis muscles, soleus, gastrocnemius
Together Soleus and
Gastrocnemius via the
Calcaneal tendon
plantarflex the foot
What are the antagonist of the hamstring group?
Quadriceps on anterior thigh
What are two good sites for intramuscular injections in adult?
Gluteus medius, deltoid
What are the common characteristics of all types of muscles?
Elongated (skeletal & smooth), contract by myofilaments (actin & myosin), has prefix (myo, mys, sarco)
Three characteristics of smooth muscle
Visceral, non-striation, involuntary
Three characteristics of cardiac muscle
Cardiac, striated, involuntary
In microscopic muscle, where is the calcium stored and released on demand for muscle contraction?
Sarcoplasmic recticulum
What are the properties of muscle cells?
Excitability, contractility
(Responsiveness, shorten)
Which leads to extensibility and elasticity
What is the sliding filament theory?
Activation by nerve causes myosin head to attach to binding site of thin filament.
Then, myosin head pull the actin filament to the center of sarcomere.
Continue this action causes a sliding actin filament along the myosin.
This results in muscle contraction
What is muscle movement that combines flexion, extension, addiction, or abduction?
Circumduction
What is the antagonist of sternocleidomastoid?
Trapezius that extends head and which elevate, depress, adduct, and stabilize scapula
The neurotransmitter — is vital to proper muscle functioning.
Acetylcholine
Referring to the muscle attachment to bone, — is the immovable attachment site.
Origin
Exercise throughout life helps to retain both — and —.
Strength and mass
A fascicle is wrapped by a layer of connective tissue called —.
Perimysium
The muscle whose action is dorsiflexion and inversion of foot is the —.
Tibialis anterior
Muscles that are concerned with bracing actions are called —.
Fixators
The bending or movement of a limb toward the midline of the body is known as —.
Adduction
The nuclei of skeletal muscle cells are pushed aside by long, ribbonlike organelles called —, which nearly filled with cytoplasm.
Myofibrils
Muscles have several —- — that influence their force and degree of shortening.
Fascicle arrangement
What muscles are making facial expressions?
Frontali, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, Zygomaticus
