Ch16 Flashcards
What is the function of gonads?
produce gametes (sex cells): Sperm—male gametes, Ova (eggs)—female gametes
secrete hormones
What is the role of the seminiferous tubules?
Production of sperms
How are nonmotile spermatids converted to functional sperm?
Excess cytoplasm is discarded and what remains is compacted into the head, midpiece, and tail regions. Final maturation processes in the epididymis result in increased motility.
What name is given to an ovarian follicle that is ready or nearly ready to ovulate?
Vesicular (Graafian) follicle
Which anterior pituitary hormone causes ovulation?
LH
What are three important functions of progesterone in women?
- Cause the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle
- Helps prepare the breasts for lactation
- Helps quiet uterine muscle to maintain pregnancy
What does male duct system include?
Urethra, epididymis, vas(ductus) deferens.
Sperm mature in —.
Epididymis
What are the male accessory glands?
Seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands
Spermatogenesis (sperm production $ begins at puberty in ——- in response to —.
Seminiferous tubule, FSH
Testosterone production begins in puberty in response to —.
Testosterone is produce by —— of the testes.
LH
Interstitial cells
The — contracts rhythmically during the birth of a baby.
Myometrium
Oogenesis occurs in —–, which are activated at puberty by FSH and LH to mature and eject oocyte.
Ovarian follicles
Estrogen are produced by —— in response to —.
Ovarian follicles, LH
The menstrual cycle involves changes in the endometrium in response to fluctuating blood level of ovarian hormones.
There are three phases:
- Menstrual phase
- Proliferative phase- estrogen increase
- Secretory phase- progesterone increase
During proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, what happens in response to estrogen?
Endometrium is repaired, thickens, and becomes well vascularized.
During secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, what happens in response to progesterone ?
Endometrial glands begin to secrete nutrients, and lining becomes more vascular.
The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus, and the endometrium is the — layer.
Mucosa
The approximate area between the anus and clitoris in the female is the —.
Perineum
The external genitalia of female is also called —.
Vulva
What attached to the ovaries?
Ovarian ligament
Suspensory ligament
Broad ligament
Testosterone production is carried by the — cells after being stimulated by —.
Interstitial. ,luteinizing hormone
List the progression of development in spermatogenesis.
Spermatogonium-primary spermatocyte-secondary spermatocyte-spermatid-sperm cell
The follicle cells produce —, and the corpus luteum produces—.
Estrogen, progesterone
Ovulation depends on declining level of — and a sudden surge in the levels of —.
FSH, LH
This occurs prior to ovulation.
Spermatic cord contains ———–.
Spermatic artery, Spermatic vein, Spermatic nerve, and ductus deferens
Spermatic cord leaves the scrotum through the inguinal canal.
What is mature follicle that is ready to undergo ovulation called?
Graafian follicle
