Ch.4 Flashcards
The meaning of words in a communications process is based on ________ and ________
- prior understanding
- knowledge
Fire-ground terminology may depend on ______ or _____ received within an individual department.
- geographic area
- training
The National Fire Academy (NFA) course Managing Company Tactical Operations introduces a 6 step communications model that can be applied to any emergency service communications:
- Sender formulates an idea
- Sender sends message
- Message transferred through medium
- Receiver receives message
- Receiver interprets message
- Receiver provides feedback to sender
Defined as a step toward solving a problem in which information is gathered:
size-up
All information needed for size-up can fit into 3 areas:
The Size-Up Triangle:
-Environment (construction, Time, weather, occupancy) -Resources (equipment, personnel) -Conditions (Situation: whats on fire, where is fire now, where is going, what harm has caused or will it cause)
The Condition/Situation of fire triangle scene size-up should answer 4 questions:
- What is on Fire
- Where is the fire now
- Where is it going
- what harm has it caused or will it potentially cause
The first priority Life Safety is most easily done by ________________
Limiting the exposure of danger to people to the absolute minimum.
Defensive attacks are usually accomplished with ______ and ______. FF are outside immediate area of fire danger, and collapse zones are established.
- Large caliber exterior streams
- Large handlines
A red placard with an R indicates a ________________
Lightweight truss roof
Property Conservation at a wildland fire may involve ____________ by outside agencies.
land restoration
3 commonly known systems are:
- REVAS
- REEVAS
- RECEOVS
REVAS:
- Rescue
- Evacuation
- Ventilation
- Attack
- Salvage
REEVAS:
- Rescue
- Evacuation
- Emergency Care
- Ventilation
- Attack
- Salvage
RECEOVS:
- Rescue
- Exposure
- Confinement
- Extinguishment
- Overhaul
- Ventilation
- Salvage
The NFA course Hazardous Materials Operating Site Practices lists ____ strategic goals for hazardous materials operations.
8
The NFA course Hazardous Materials Operating Site Practices lists 8 strategic goals for hazardous materials operations.
- Isolation
- Notification
- Identification
- Protection
- Spill control
- Leak control
- Fire Control
- Recovery and Termination
Emergency Medical service system responders are trained in ____ strategic goals for medical incidents:
6
- Gaining access
- Triage
- Stabilization
- Extrication
- Packaging
- Transporting
____ goals must be considered at every fire incident to ensure that the incident priorities are satisfied:
9
- Fire Fighter Safety
- Search and Rescue
- Evacuation
- Exposure Protection
- Confinement
- Extinguishment
- Ventilations
- Overhaul
- Salvage
______ factors help to determine what strategic goals need to be implemented.
Size-up
_______ are designed to meet the incident priorities.
Strategic Goals
_______ are more specific functions that are designed to meet strategic goals.
Tactical objectives
_________ are more specific and have measurable results.
Tactical objectives
_______ satisfy Tactical Objectives
Tactical Methods
Tactical Methods are the processes employed at the ________
Task level
________ is developed after the size-up, or information-gathering process, and gives consideration to the strategic goals and tactical objectives that have beed identified.
The Action Plan
The action plan can be communicated by what methods:
- face-to-face
- Use of aids or runners
- Radio Communication
- Written Plan (for complex and long)
Decision making process that has been researched by the Klein Association:
Recognition-primed decision making (RPD)
Developed from research that considered how fire-ground commanders, military, high-pressure, time-sensitive decision makers make decisions:
Recognition Primed Decision making
Model implies 9 out of 10 cases does not make decision based on selection choices, but rather based on previous experience; and the option is based on whether it has worked effectively in previous similar situations.
Recognition Primed Decision making
- IC and FF’s have a mix of experience
- Must be learned and practiced in real situations or simulations
- Importance of post incident analysis is also underscored when examining this process
Recognition Primed Decision Making
The RPD process is being replaced in the fire service curricula by what the NFA teaches in its Command and Control curriculum as _____________
Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM)
This decision making process is concerned with how real or ideal decision makers make their decisions:
Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM)
This theory is concerned with identifying the best alternative to take and assumes the decision maker is fully informed, rational, and able to compute the information at hand:
Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM)
- embodies descriptive decision theory framework based on knowledge and experience.
- Came about after reviewing decision making as it relates to people in real life.
- Theory states people make decisions based on past experience
- IC uses ability to recognize signs of smoke movement and color, type of structure, and visible location
- IC must use both recognition knowledge base and procedural knowledge base.
- Must train as they will function
- Realistic training exercises are essential
Naturalistic Decision Making
_______ is taught by the NFA in its Command and Control Curriculum
Classical decision-making model
________ and _______ are both taught by the NFA in its Command and Control Curriculum.
- Naturalistic Decision Making
- Classical Decision Making
Model is used when IC’s are confronted with a situation they have not experienced in the past.
Classical Decision Making
This decision making process is based on a 4-step process by which ICs can make their decision:
Classical Decision Making
Classical Decision Making is based on a 4-step process by which ICs can make a decision:
- Aim - what IC wants to accomplish
- Factors - things that affect decision
- Courses - Options IC has to accomplish Aim
- Plan - (action plan) course of action
The most important factor for any incident command decision maker is to ____________________
Develop a logical thought process to evaluate the incident
The only factors that never change in regard to incident command decision making are the _____________
Incident Priorities
- Life Safety
- Incident Stabilization
- Property Conservation
Size-up is an ongoing information analysis that begins ___________
before the incident occurs
A model of how people make quick, effective decisions when faced with complex situations:
Recognition-primed Decision making (RPD)
