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2017 FireFighting S&T (Blue book) > Ch.10 > Flashcards

Ch.10 Flashcards

1
Q

Terminology used to describe the required functions, the fire apparatus, the tools and equipment carried on it, and mostly important, the number of trained personnel:

A

Company

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2
Q

The basic building block of every fire department:

A

Engine Company

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3
Q

What is the engine companies primary function:

A

supply the water to extinguish the fire

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4
Q

Minimum requirements for a pumper fire apparatus from NFPA 1901, Class A Pumper:

A
  • min water tank 300 gallons
  • at least 30 cuft. for 2 1/2” compartment
  • 2 compartments of at least 3.5 cuft. for 1 1/2” or larger
  • Minimum pump size of 750 GPM
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5
Q

Size up starts with what:

A

receipt of the alarm, or before the alarm comes in

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6
Q

Sends pre-entered building data over the mobile data computer (MDC) while crews are en route to an alarm:

A

Critical Information Dispatch System (CIDS)

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7
Q

_______ water is useful for some vehicle fires, some small brush fires, and other small, outside fires.

A

Booster Tank

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8
Q

Water sources such as lakes, pools, or ponds:

A

Static sources

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9
Q

Engine Companies have 3 options when laying hose lines to move water:

A
  • Forward Lay
  • Reverse Lay
  • Split Lay
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10
Q

(Referred to as a driveway lay) combination of two methods; engine drops supply line at corner of driveway

A

Split Lay

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11
Q

In areas where hydrants are not readily available and a static source is being used, the options available:

A
  • drafting

- Water tender shuttles

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12
Q

Installed by developers to meet various flow requirements. Are essentially hard suction tubes that are piped into nearby static water source:

A

Dry Hydrants

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13
Q

Water Tenders may carry water in amounts from _____ to ______.

A

1000 to 8000 gallons

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14
Q

Tender Delivery Rate (TDR):

A

-Flow requirements are calculated
-Time it takes tender to may entire cycle in calculated
(The cycle is time it takes to dump, return to static source, fill with water, and return to scene.)
-Allows IC to determine how many similar-sized tenders are needed.

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15
Q

Tenders with ______ affect the rotation in terms of refill and offload times.

A

differing capacities

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16
Q

1 1/2” or 1 3/4” hose line can be handled easily by ____ fire fighters; make it the line of choice.

A

2

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17
Q

1 3/4” hose line with solid-bore nozzle is capable of flowing approx. _____ GPM at a nozzle pressure of 50 psi.

A

180 GPM

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18
Q

2 1/2” hose line operated at 50 psi nozzle pressure is capable of flowing approx. ______, almost double

A

320 GPM

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19
Q

________ starts with the information provided on receipt of the alarm.

A

Locating the fire

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20
Q

3 basic steps in fire suppression:

A
  1. Locating
  2. Confining
  3. Extinguishing
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21
Q

A ________ fire is one that displays high smoke volume and pressure (incomplete combustion).

A

vent-controlled

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22
Q

A ________ fire is one that is growth limited by the supply of combustibles. Fully involved fires.

A

fuel-controlled

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23
Q

2nd step in fire suppression- Action taken to prevent fire spread from one room to another or building to another:

A

Confining

*ex. closing a door

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24
Q

Tool that can be used to draw fire, heat, and smoke up and out of the fire building:

A

Vertical Ventilation

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25
Q

Final Step in fire suppression: Includes putting out all visible flames and any hidden pockets of fire.

A

Extinguishment

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26
Q

The search for concealed fire areas and eventual total extinguishment is called ___________

A

Overhauling

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27
Q

2 important basic functions of an engine company:

A
  • Getting a hose line in operation

- Obtaining an adequate water supply

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28
Q

Proper operation of the hose line is the _________ responsibility.

A

Officers

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29
Q

Ideally the officer should be in a position that allows him to:

A
  • ensure safety of company
  • direct fire control activities
  • provide updates to command
  • communicate with other fire companies
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30
Q

Before entering a door to a fire area, all fire fighters should remain down and low and should be:

A

on the same side of the hose line and on the same side of the doorway opening

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31
Q

Fire personnel should regard every opening they make, or that has occurred by fire growth, as a _______

A

vent opening

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32
Q

Never advance into a fire apartment without a _________

A

charged hose line

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33
Q

The nozzle should be opened and operated in a:

A
  • clockwise direction

- Z pattern

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34
Q

Operating a nozzle in a Z pattern sweeps:

A
  • Ceiling Area
  • Room Area
  • Floor Area
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35
Q

Unless directing the stream on a localized fire, the hose line should be operated _______________

A

Overhead and In Front of the nozzle team

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36
Q

Smoke, heat, and fire conditions are minimal:

A

Incipient Stage

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37
Q

The _______ fire produces tremendous amounts of heat and heavy fire conditions.

A

Free-burning stage

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38
Q

In the free burning stage, rooms adjacent to the fire area may be at the point of ______, which is the third stage.

A

Flashover (third stage)

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39
Q

The final stage of fire when the fire has passed through the stages and due to lack of oxygen, the fire burns itself out, yet dangerously high levels of heat and flammable gases remain.

A

Smoldering or Decay stage

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40
Q

In the Smoldering or Decay stage, ________ must precede forcible entry.

A

Vertical ventilation

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41
Q

Firefighters must view smoke as _______

A

Fuel

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42
Q

When the tactical method of extinguishment involves ______ , ventilation is critical and proper timing is needed.

A

fog nozzle

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43
Q

2 basic TYPES of Ventilation:

2 basic METHODS of Ventilation:

A

Types: Vertical and Horizontal Ventilation
Methods: Natural and Mechanical Ventilation

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44
Q

There are 3 basic ways to get to a Roof:

A
  • an adjoining building
  • an aerial or ladder tower
  • Rear fire escape
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45
Q

What usually dictates the best way to get to the roof:

A

The type of building

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46
Q

In large multiple dwellings or apartment houses, the preferred method of getting to the roof is via ______________

A
  • an adjoining building
  • an aerial or tower ladder
  • Rear fire escape
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47
Q

____________ stop at the top floor and do not go all the way to the roof. The preferred choice in this situation would be using an adjacent building.

A

Front fire escapes or fire escapes facing a street

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48
Q

If the fire building is ISOLATED, then _______ is the preferred method of getting to the roof.

A

Aerial or tower ladder

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49
Q

Getting to the rear of a large building to use the fire escape is both difficult and time-consuming, making it ____________

A

The least preferred method

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50
Q

If the fire is in a smaller building, the preferred way to get to the roof is via ______________

A

Aerial or tower ladder

51
Q

The ________ of a fire building are to be avoided in getting to the roof.

A

Interior Stairs

52
Q

When do interior stairs have to be used?

A

In high-rise or an isolated building above the reach of ladders

53
Q

The first thing the roof division must consider when getting on the roof is _____________

A

A way of getting off the roof

54
Q

Firefighters on the roof must inform the Incident Commander of conditions at the roof level such as:

A
  • Visible fire and smoke, color and volume
  • Location of shafts
  • Paths of fire extension
  • Persons in immediate distress
55
Q

After forcing open a bulkhead or other interior entrance to the roof, the bulkhead landing and stairs should be probed with ______________ to check for the presence of overcome occupants, particularly if the bulkhead was found locked form the interior.

A

blunt end of a 6 ft pike pole

56
Q

Scuttle covers can be removed with _____________

A

Conventional hand tools

57
Q

If scuttle covers have been tarred over a _______ may be necessary.

A

saw with a carbide tip blade

58
Q

After removing the glass of a skylight, a 6 ft pike pole should be used to check for the presence of a __________

A

Draft stop

59
Q

Secondary Roof procedures involve roof-cutting operations with power tools. This operation would take place:

A
  • Top-floor fires
  • fires involving cockloft or attics
  • fires in single-story structures
60
Q

Operations that involve power tools should take place after _________________

A

Primary roof procedures (using existing openings)

61
Q

When cutting a hole in the roof it should be what size:

A

4ft x 4ft

62
Q

Roof fire fighters should use the following reliable signs to locate a fire:

A
  • Melted snow
  • Steam on wet roof
  • Bubbling tar
  • Soft areas of roof
  • sense of touch
  • Looking over the roofs edge
  • Visible location of the fire
63
Q

Fire fighters should not be committed to roof operations in _______ and _______

A
  • vacant buildings

- heavy fire conditions

64
Q

These roofs can ignite and spread fire rapidly across the entire roof:

A

Membrane Roofs

65
Q
  • These roofs fail rapidly and easily absorb moisture

- If a white paste is observed on the saw blade, fire fighters should immediately notify IC and evacuate roof.

A

Gypsum Roofs

66
Q

Horizontal Ventilation is usually performed when:

A

AFTER the engine company’s hose line is stretched, charged and ready to begin the fire attack.

67
Q

If horizontal ventilation is performed prematurely, it could lead to rapid extension of the fire and possible _________

A

Autoextension

68
Q

What 2 products effectively insulate a structure:

A
  • Polystyrene Foam

- thermal pane windows

69
Q

When fire fighters VENT FOR FIRE they are:

A

facilitating the engine company’s advance into the fire area

70
Q

When fire fighter VENT FOR LIFE they are:

A

Doing so to enter an IDLH area where there is a known or suspected victim

71
Q

A _______ is the movement of heat and smoke from the higher pressure within a fire building to all other lower pressure areas, both within and outside the fire building.

A

Flow Path

72
Q

In the case of wind-impacted fires, the initial tactic may be to:

A
  • deploy a thermal blanket from floor above before advancing onto fire floor.
  • OR, deploying a high-rise nozzle from the floor BELOW the fire
73
Q

The flow path at the bottom of an opening allows ____________
The flow path at the top of the opening allows ____________

A
  • Air to enter the fire area

- fre, heat, and smoke to ventilate out of the fire area

74
Q

Studies have shown that every opening made during fire operations:

A
  • create a new flow path

- have an impact on existing flow paths

75
Q

Involves opening doors, windows, skylights,bulkheads, and any other opening with no assistance form any fire personnel:

A

Natural Ventilation

76
Q

Means to remove smoke from a structure with the assistance of mechanical equipment such as smoke ejectors, PPV Fans, HVAC systems, and Fog stream hose lines:

A

Mechanical Ventilation

77
Q

To accomplish mechanical ventilation with a fog nozzle, the nozzle team stands ________ from window and directs stream, roughly the size of the window, out the window.

A

6 - 8 feet

78
Q

With the use of _______, smoke can be pulled from structure to the outside atmosphere.

A

exhaust fan

79
Q

The potential drawback to PPV is that there is a good possibility of:

A

pushing smoke and fire into uninvolved areas of the building, possible extending the fire or endangering occupants

80
Q

Searches should be broken down into 2 stages:

A

Primary Search: immediate search for trapped occupants; performed quickly but thoroughly

Secondary Search: defined as meticulously thorough search by a DIFFERENT group of FF

81
Q

The ______ performed by the IC is part of the size-up. The time of day, building occupancy, and info available should be evaluated.

A

Risk Analysis

82
Q

Searchers should work toward __________

A

an alternate means of escape

83
Q

When searching the fire area:

A

FF proceed to seat of fire and start search at this point, working their way back toward the door they entered.

84
Q

When searching floors above fire, the search should be initiated ___________

A

immediately upon entering the door

85
Q

In all cases should search ______________ immediately for overcome victims.

A

behind the front door

86
Q

________ could indicate a utility closet or elevator shaft.

A

Outward-opening doors

87
Q

When searching, the primary way out is __________

A

The way entry was made

88
Q

Hinges on the outside of door indicate __________

A

Outward-opening doors

89
Q

Quick way to force an inward-opening door is to place a Halligan tool ___________________

A

6 inches above or below the lock, with the bevel side of the fork against door, slightly angled up or down.
*Tool is pushed toward the door

90
Q

If multiple locks are found, place the tool __________

A

between the locks

91
Q

When attacking the hinge side of the door, attack the ______ first

A

Top hinge

92
Q

______ pumps of the hydraulic ram will force most INWARD-OPENING doors

A

4 - 6 pumps

93
Q

_________ are usually indicative of doors to commercial occupancies, elevators, and closets.

A

Outward-opening doors

94
Q

For outward-opening door the _____ end of the Halligan can be driven in ______________

A
  • ADZ End
  • above or below the lock
  • force the tool down and out
95
Q

Padlocks can be attacked at either ______, ______, or _______

A
  • staple
  • shackle
  • point of attachment
  • Weakest link should be attacked
96
Q

Toe and Heel padlocks require _________

A

Both shackles to be cut

97
Q

______ and ______ can be used to pop the shackles of a padlock.

A

Duck Bill and Ax

98
Q

A pipe wrench placed across ______ and twisted will snap shackles of padlock.

A

both shackles

99
Q

Double-hung windows should be opened _______ form the top and _____ from the bottom.

A
  • 2/3 from top

- 1/3 from bottom

100
Q

At a minimum ______ ladder must be extended to watch floor on which fire fighters are operating.

A

One ladder

101
Q

The preferred ladder is an __________

A

extension ladder

102
Q

Aerial and tower ladders should be positioned for ___________

A

maximum coverage

103
Q

_________ provides an excellent platform to perform ventilation and search and rescue and to apply a large-caliber elevated stream.

A

Tower ladder

104
Q

_______ is performed to expose hidden pockets of fire and prevent reignition.

A

Overhaul

105
Q

Overhaul is performed during _________

A

Entire fire operation

106
Q

Overhaul can be broken down into 2 stages:

A

-Pre control: pulling ceilings, examining baseboards, and shafts to determine the fires path of travel and location.
Performed under adverse conditions
-Post Control: performed under favorable conditions after the fire is under control. Meticulous

107
Q

The intent for overhaul is to work from _______ to _____

A

from charred areas back toward clean areas

108
Q

Indiscriminate overhauling can cause:

A

Unnecessary damage and hardship to the buildings occupant

109
Q

_________ duties involve saving possessions in danger of being damaged by fire, smoke, and water. They begin with the fire fighters arrival on scene and continue until fire department operations have concluded.

A

Salvage

110
Q

Salvage is usually a function of the ________

A

Ladder company

111
Q

Monetary Reasons for Salvage:

A
  • Keep insurance rates sown
  • Keeps buildings occupied
  • Avoids need for occupants to relocate
  • Keeps repair costs down
112
Q

Professional Reasons for Salvage:

A
  • Prevents unnecessary hardships to owners
  • Gives fire service appearance of professionalism
  • Satisfies ethical obligation to the community
  • Creates feeling of satisfaction
113
Q

Considerations for apparatus placement:

A
  • Apparatus capabilities
  • SOP’s
  • Prearranged SOG for staging
  • Order from Incident Commander
  • Placement based on pre-plan
  • overhead hazards
114
Q

Engine companies should be placed to allow room for aerial trucks to access _____ of structure.

A

Front

115
Q

Ladder companies should be placed to allow the ladder to have most __________

A

most versatility

116
Q

Aerial trucks should be placed in order to obtain _________

A

best scrub area

117
Q

Keep apparatus out of collapse zone and ___________

A

close to corners as possible

118
Q

Portable ladders should be placed on ______________

A

as many sides as possible, minimum one ladder to each floor

119
Q

When fire spreads from floor to floor as a result of the fire coming out of a window and into the window above

A

Autoextension (autoexposure)

120
Q

A hookup to a fire hydrant designed to supply the full volume of the pump

A

Capacity hookup

121
Q

The Collapse zone should be _________

A

Full height of the highest wall

122
Q

Term used by OSHA to describe process or event that could produce loss of life or serious injury

A

Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH)

123
Q

Area of a building that can be reached with an aerial ladder once the apparatus is set up.

A

Scrub area

124
Q

Unit that may carry fire fighters, FF with special tools, or medical unit

A

squad

2017 FireFighting S&T (Blue book) (19 decks)

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