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2017 FireFighting S&T (Blue book) > Ch.15 > Flashcards

Ch.15 Flashcards

1
Q

The first high-rise fires actually occurred well over ______

A

100 years ago

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2
Q

If the structure is ___________, then the structure should be strategically and tactically treated as a high-rise.

A

beyond the reach of ladders

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3
Q

The outside walls of older high-rise buildings consist of ________ and so do the floors.

A

concrete

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4
Q

Significant construction features that effect the way fire departments operate at Older high-rise buildings:

A
  • Windows that can be opened from the inside
  • Lack of central air conditioning or plenums
  • compartmentalization
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5
Q

Ductwork used to return air to the system:

A

Plenum

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6
Q

Features in new high-rises that were absent in the earlier era:

A

-HVAC systems that move air throughout the building and ceiling plenums that return air to the system

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7
Q

_________ are also used for the buildings electrical and communications equipment.

A

Plenums

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8
Q

Common construction where the elevators, stairs, and support systems are located in the center of the building:

A

Central (or Center) Core Construction

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9
Q

In newer high-rise buildings, windows are _________

A

fixed and inoperable

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10
Q

Standpipe systems are mandated in all high-rise buildings by _____ or ______

A

law or fire code

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11
Q

__________ is the only absolute method to determine whether a building has a standpipe system.

A

Pre-incident Planning

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12
Q

What stopped the Meridian One Plaza fire in Philadelphia?

A

Sprinklers

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13
Q

All high-rise buildings should be required to have auxiliary pumps, which increase pressure in standpipe. These pumps can be found singly or in pairs. If found in pairs ___________

A

both pumps should be activated and the pressures should be set to the SAME psi

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14
Q

If no building engineer is present, the firefighter should consult with the ________ or a person with knowledge.

A

Fire safety director

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15
Q

The pump room is usually located in the ______, ______, or _______

A
  • basement
  • subbasement
  • other utility area
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16
Q

Sometimes the ______ is left open after the pump is tested?

A

bypass valve (make sure valve is closed)

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17
Q

As much as ____ % of the pumps capacity can be lost with an open bypass valve.

A

50%

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18
Q

Fire Pumps are activated by following certain procedures that should be posted on _______

A

The control panel

19
Q

Building Fire Pumps should be able to deliver their rated capacity at least ___ psi at the highest floor outlet.
The relief valve limiting the pressure to ___ above which is required to deliver the 50 psi to the highest outlet.

A
  • 50 psi

- 15 psi

20
Q

Older high-rise buildings have air conditioning systems that serve ________, unlike HVAC system

A

one floor

21
Q

The HVAC system is broken down into 3 components:

A
  • processing equipment
  • supply system
  • return System
22
Q

The air processing equipment is generally found on the floors _____________

A

containing the mechanical equipment rooms

23
Q

Devices that prevent or allow air to enter the HVAC system, often activated by alarm system:

A

Dampers

24
Q

__________ combine return air from the system with outside air.

A

Mixing Dampers

25
Q
  • Once the fire floor has been accurately verified, the Outside air supply dampers and mixing dampers should be __________
  • While the exhaust dampers should be ________, to prevent air from transversing the supply and return shafts.
A
  • Closed

- Opened

26
Q

Reactivate ________ for all floors Excluding the fire area, so fresh air is supplied while pressurizing the zones at the same time.

A

supply fans

27
Q

The IC should immediately locate the ______, _______, or _________ and establish the lobby command post, which will serve as the center of operations.

A
  • fire-safety director
  • building maintenance
  • building manager
28
Q

At least ___ companies should be assigned to search the fire floor.

A

at least 2

29
Q

From time of alarm is received to the first time unit arrive to the time it takes to apply water to the fire, the reaction time could be upwards of _______ or more

A

20 min

30
Q

There are 2 components of fire fighter service in elevators:

A
  • gaining control in recalling elevators

- Using elevator safely

31
Q

Once firefighters have boarded an elevator, they should clear the floor selector panel by hitting __________

A

call cancel button

32
Q

Swinging car doors open _______, while office doors open ___________

A
  • outward

- inward

33
Q

A door that is found to open outward could be _____________

A

Elevator door with no car present

34
Q

Stairs that serve a particular floor or area of a building:

A

Access stairs

35
Q

All handlines operating in high-rise buildings must be at least ________

A

2 1/2”

36
Q

Stratification:

A
  • gaseous combustion products arrange themselves in distinct layers, depending on weight compared to air
  • Heated air, gas, smoke rise via thermal convection
  • Products become cooled and spread
  • Lighter than air gases continue to rise, but heavier than air gases drift downward.
  • gas product stratifies and high concentrations of toxic gas collect in remote areas
37
Q

Effects of stratification disastrous from gases:

A
  • carbon monoxide
  • hydrogen sulfide
  • sulfur dioxide
  • hydrogen cyanide
38
Q

Stack Effect:

A
  • Causes warm air to rise
  • pressure difference forces air IN at lower levels and OUT at upper levels
  • Neutral plane, air flows in or out of enclosure, occurs at the middle of the building.
  • Fires occurring on lower levels (below neutral plane), the internal pressure draws smoke toward any shafts or stairways .
  • Fires occurring in higher levels (above neutral plane) air is drawn away from shafts or stairs toward exterior.
39
Q

If fire occurs within _______, the stack action has little effect on smoke movement because air movement in or out is so small.

A

neutral plane

40
Q

Most high-rise buildings are ________

A

commercial office buildings

41
Q

Removing ______ can create a drain in the floors.

A

Toilets

42
Q

A phenomenon found in high-rise fires wherein as heated air rises and then cools, it forms layers, or ceiling, from which more rising smoke banks:

A

Stack Effect

43
Q

A phenomenon found in high-rise fires where heated some rises until it establishes equilibrium with surrounding area and then moves horizontally:

A

Stratification

2017 FireFighting S&T (Blue book) (19 decks)

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