Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2017 FireFighting S&T (Blue book) > Ch.17 > Flashcards

Ch.17 Flashcards

1
Q

Wildland fires are most often started by ________

A

lightning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Debris from______ or ______ may influence the fire size and its speed and intensity.

A
  • construction

- left behind from previous weather events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Wildland fires are affected by the _______ and _______

A
  • rate of fire spread

- fire intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This is dynamic and complex:

A

rate of fire spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fire spread is affected by:

A
  • type of fuel burning
  • slope or aspect at which fire is burning
  • weather conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_______ describes how hot a fire is burning.

A

Fire Intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clear away dead leaves, twigs, limbs around structure, including decks and porches for a radius or _______

A

30 - 50 feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Remove Tree limbs within ____ ft of ground

A

15 ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Remove vegetation that is within ____ ft of a chimney or stovepipe.

A

15 ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clear a ___ foot area around liquid propane (LP) Tanks

A

10 ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stack firewood ___ ft away from structure

A

100 ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

There are 3 basic types of wild land fire that can occur and the level vegetation determines the type of wild land fire.

A
  • Forest Fire
  • Brush Fire
  • Groundcover Fire
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Occurs in areas containing heavy fuels and higher levels of vegetation, such as timber:

A

Forest Fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Occurs primarily in mid-level vegetation:

A

Brush Fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Type of wild land fire that involves low-level vegetation, grasses, and other light fuels:

A

Groundcover fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Forest Fires often originate in remote, heavily wooded areas that are only accessible by _____ or ______

A

Foot or aircraft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

______ produce much more heat than the other types of fires.

A

Forest fires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Assessing the weather should include:

A
  • wind speed and direction’
  • probable and expected changes in speed or direction
  • Air temperature
  • Humidity
  • Approaching weather fronts or conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In high-level vegetation fire, a fire can work up to and rapidly across treetops, this is called:

A

Crown fire

*Can reverse and burn over top of previously burned area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fire will defy gravity and quickly spread ________

A

up vertical slopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Burning material that is picked up by the wind and dropped in another area, starting a separate fire:

A

Brands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_______ is another high-level vegetation fire hazard.

A

Timber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Trees that have fallen but are hung up in other trees-not fallen down to grade-are called:

A

Snags

24
Q

Large forrest fires can potentially cover ________

A

several hundred to several thousand acres

25
Q

These types fires do not involve heavily wooded areas, and it is possible to access fire using brush trucks:

A

Brush Fires

26
Q

Mid-level vegetation fires grow and travel faster than Forrest fires, but they do not __________

A

generate high temperatures

*occur closer to wild land suburban area than forrest fire

27
Q

The primary hazard of brush fires is the ________

A

weather

28
Q

________ are the fastest growing and moving type of wild land fire, but they produce the least amount of heat.

A

Groundcover fires

29
Q

Usually only span a few hundred square feet to several acres:

A

Groundcover fires

30
Q

Most often ground cover fires occur in _______ and _________

A
  • farmlands

- urban/suburban areas

31
Q

The decision as to who will do the evacuating is often dictated by ____________

A

the fire

32
Q

One major benefit of providing shelter is that:

A

it makes accountability of the evacuees possible

*schools are often shelters

33
Q

The most important issue regarding an evacuation is ______________

A

When to order it

34
Q

CAF’s help by:

A
  • help water penetrate combustible materials
  • Coat burning material
  • Protect exposures from fire
35
Q

Ways to confine wildfire:

A
  • surround with personnel who have constructed firelines
  • FF stand around perimeter ready as fire approaches
  • Fireline utilizing dozers
  • firefighting aircraft
  • Directing to natural boundary (river or lake)
  • Directing to artificial boundary (street or highway)
  • Extinguishing Burning materials
  • Backfiring
36
Q

Fire fighters can easily remove the fuel component by:

A
  • hand digging
  • plowing
  • back-burning
37
Q

By ______ or ______ to remove the fuel, you can reduce the preheating of surrounding vegetation

A

plowing or digging

38
Q

_________ is usually the safest method of extinguishment at a wildfire.

A

Attacking fire from the burned area and working outward

39
Q

Wild land fire extinguishment operations should begin by working up the _______ from within the burned area, and then working toward the _______

A
  • flanks

- head

40
Q

The ______ of a wildfire is the fastest-growing and moving part of the fire.

A

Head

41
Q

One way to make the best use of available water is to _________________

A
  • lower the gallonage-per-minute (GPM) flow of the nozzle

- If automatic nozzle, lower PSI

42
Q

Overhaul is often termed as __________

A

mop up

43
Q

When water is available and accessible the entire perimeter of the fire area should be overhauled. Crews should saturate a perimeter that extends at least ____ ft. beyond the burned areas.

A

50 ft.

44
Q

Backpacks should not be used to _____________

A

apply water to unburned areas. Instead used to directly extinguish flames and hotspots

45
Q

Start extinguishment at the ___________, then work toward the head.

A

the most active flank

46
Q

If fire worsens beyond expected conditions, there must be at least _________ areas for fire fighters to take refuge.

A

At least 1, PREFERABLY 2

47
Q

Where is considered the safety zone of structure during wild fire?

A

Leeward side and the interior

48
Q

If working along a ridge, position apparatus on the side:

A

opposite and below the fire

*avoid placing rig between approaching fire and structure

49
Q

A fire advancing toward a structure from ___________ is much easier to defend, because it tends to progress more slowly.

A

above and downward

50
Q

A fire advancing from ______________ travels much faster and has a greater flame length.

A

Below and spreading up a slope

51
Q

Structures that have good clearance or green space around them, at least _______, may still be suspect because of flame length.

A

at least 30 ft

52
Q

A structure may not be defendable if it is ________ from the edge of the clear space.

A

Less than twice the flame length

53
Q

The sun increases the ground cover’s temperature the most in the ________, so fuels are closest to their ignition temperature at this time.

A

Afternoon

54
Q

A __________ can help by educating home and building owners on the steps they can take to lessen the threat of wild land fires to their properties.

A

strong prevention/public information cmpaign

55
Q

There are ____ firefighting orders that can positively impact the fire fighters safety at wild land fires

A

10

56
Q

An area where undeveloped land with vegetative fuels mixes with human-made structures:

A

Wildland-urban interface

2017 FireFighting S&T (Blue book) (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions