ch12(221-233?)/incomplete

Question 1

when a disease spreads rapidly and extensively among a population

Answer 1

Epidemic

Question 2

an epidemic that affects a large portion of the earth

Answer 2

Pandemic

Question 3

ways to avoid illness

Answer 3

Frequent hand washing
Temporarily avoiding unnecessary contact between contagious and healthy people
Avoiding or disinfecting contaminated objects
Avoiding or eliminating vectors
Vaccination

Question 4

a substance that stimulates your body to develop an acquired immunity to a disease

Answer 4

Vaccine

Question 5

if enough people in an area are vaccinated against a particular disease, outbreaks of the disease will quickly subside because the disease will not infect enough new victims to sustain itself

Answer 5

Herd Immunity

Question 6

british doc­tor who established the use of antiseptics

Answer 6

Joseph Lister

Question 7

chemi­cals that kill bacteria and help prevent infections

Answer 7

Antiseptics

Question 8

a series of tubes and fluids in your body that work with white blood cell

Answer 8

Lymphatic system

Question 9

elevated body temperature

Answer 9

Fever

Question 10

blood cell that functions as part of the immune system, helping the body fight disease; also called leukocyte

Answer 10

White blood cells

Question 11

engulf and destroy invading pathogens

Answer 11

Phagocytes

Question 12

chemical messengers

Answer 12

Cytokines

Question 13

a chemical that is released into the bloodstream and allows water to move into area

Answer 13

Histamine

Question 14

swelling caused by histamine

Answer 14

Inflammation

Question 15

infected cell that is sending messages to other infected cells

Answer 15

Interferon

Question 16

produce antibodies

Answer 16

Lymphocytes

Question 17

neutralize particular pathogens

Answer 17

Antibodies

Question 18

tags on the outside of cells

Answer 18

Antigen

Question 19

attacks one disease

Answer 19

Specific defense

Question 20

attacks many diseases

Answer 20

nonspecific defense

Question 21

helps keep the water balanced

Answer 21

Tissue fluid

Question 22

drainage system

Answer 22

Lymphatic system

Question 23

collect excess fluid with its cellular debris and microbes and carry it through a closed system of lymph vessels

Answer 23

Lymph capillaries

Question 24

drain the tissue fluid

Answer 24

Lymph vessels

Question 25

special enlargements of lymphatic tissues; serve as bases and staging areas for white blood cells

Answer 25

Lymph nodes

Question 26

tissue fluid

Answer 26

Lymph

Question 27

accumulations of lymph nodes in the throat that protect against pathogens entering through the throat

Answer 27

Tonsils and Adenoids

Question 28

work to protect that digestive area from pathogens

Answer 28

Peyer’s patches

Question 29

body’s largest lymph organ

Answer 29

Spleen

Question 30

where immature T cells are matured and “trained” after being produced in the bone marrow

Answer 30

Thymus