9 week exam 1 Flashcards
The process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities
Taxonomy
did a lot of the organizing for the current version of taxonomy
Linnaeus
The Basis for Modern Classification (classic)
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
largest class in classic classification
kingdom
largest class in modern classification
domain
a group of very similar organisms that can interbreed freely in nature
species
a group of similar organisms that are all descended from a single group of originally created species
kind
naming system
binomial nomenclature
do not have membrane-bound nuclei
prokaryotes
have membrane-bound nuclei
Eukaryotes
produce seeds not covered by the walls of an ovary
gymnosperm
pollen producing cones
Staminate cones
seed producing cones
Ovulate cones
some of the tallest things on earth
coast redwood
oriental gymnosperm with two lobed, fan shaped leaves
ginkgo
Sago palm is an example of what gymnosperm
Cycad
tiny, one celled reproductive structures
spores
life-cycle that involves sexual and asexual reproduction
alteration of generation
mosslike plants
Bryophytes
tiny hair like threads that take place of roots
Rhizoids
smallest of green chlorophyll containing organisms
algae
microorganisms that float near the surface of water and are used as a food source for larger organisms
plankton
most numerous and interesting of yellow algae
diatoms
the largest group of algae
green algae
type of algae that creates red tide
Dinoflagellates
nonvascular plant-like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food
fungi
Largest of brown algae
kelp
fungi that obtain their nutrition from dead organisms
saprophytes
organisms that live on or in another organism and derives its nutrition from that organism
parasites
a shelf fungus that is used to make something
yeasts
two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit
Symbiosis
body cavity that contains heart and lungs
thoracic
cavity that contains abdomen and pelvis
abdominopelvic
system that is the body’s dense against outside invadors
immune system
system that protects/covers the OUTSIDE of your body
integumentary system
system that provides support
skeletal system
system that allows for continuation of human race
reproductive system
stable internal environment
homeostasis
tissue that joins different parts of the body
connective tissue
tissue that lines body parts
epithelial tissue
non-living material surrounding the cells
matrix
organs that were thought to have no useful purpose
Vestigial
system that functions to make movement possible
muscular system
brain case
cranium
soft spot on infants head
continels
space between nodes
internode
growth in length
Primary growth
allows oxygen into stem
Lenticels
produces new bark and xylem
Vascular cambium
the outer section of a woody stem
Bark
the one cell thick outermost layer of young plants
Epidermis
replaces epidermis on a young tree as it grows
Cork
store food for the stem
cortex
strong connective tissues
ligaments
u shaped bone in neck
Hyoid
tough, rubbery tissue that cushions the joints between bones
cartilage
severe curve of the spine
scoliosis
middle of chest bone
sternum
2 types of skeleton
Axial
Appendicular
largest bone of body
femur
ankle bone
Talus
heel bone
Calcaneus
the study of living things
biology
the flowering seed plants
angiosperm
family that looks like it has one flower but it many
composite/sunflower family
family w/ square stems
mint
live for single growing season
annuel
open, five petal design
rose family
also known as legumes
pea family
contains 3 most common poison plants
cashew family
most important flowering seed plant
grass
fruit of maple tree
samara
tree with thin, smooth bark
birch
the symbol of the south
magnolia
modified leaves that act like flowers of dogwoods
bracts
group of structures designed to function as a unit
system
system in plants above ground
shoot system
contain developing leaf and stem structures
bud
point at which leaf grows from stem
node
two leaves on same node
opposite
cluster of leaves growing around the base of the plant
rosette
one leaf per node
alternate
three or more leaves growing from each node
whorled
two types of vascular tissue
xylem and phloem
is/contains xylem
wood
produces new bark and xylem
Vascular cambium
the outer section of a woody stem
bark
the one cell thick outermost layer of young plants
Epidermis
replaces epidermis on a young tree as it grows
Cork
store food for the stem
cortex
part of cell that plants have and other organisms dont
cell wall
plants/organisms that make their own food
autotrophs/producers
light to food
photosynthesis
sugar photosynthesis produces
glucose
in which part of the flower do you find ovary
pistil
transfer of pollen
pollination
sweet tasting watery liquid produced by flower
nectar
union of sperm cell and egg cell
fertilization
reproductive cells
gametes
process where ovary grows larger
ripening
fleshy and juicy throughout
berries
outer fleshy layer, inner woody layer
drupes
includes peanuts and green beans
legumes
a small,dry seed with winglike structures
samara
outer fleshy layer, inner papery core
pomes
fruit of grass family
grains
simple,dry fruits with thin shell
achenes
develops into root system of plant
radicle
period of inactivity
dormancy
