ch 5

Question 1

the process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities

Answer 1

taxonomy

Question 2

did a lot of the organizing for the current version of taxonomy

Answer 2

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 3

english clergyman who introduced concept of species

Answer 3

John Ray

Question 4

The Basis for Modern Classification

Answer 4

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 5

a group of very similar organisms that can interbreed freely in nature

Answer 5

species

Question 6

a group of similar organisms that are all descended from a single group of originally created species

Answer 6

kind

Question 7

two name naming system

Answer 7

Binomial nomenclature

Question 8

have membrane-­bound nuclei and membrane­-enclosed organelles,

Answer 8

Eukaryotes

Question 9

do not have membrane-­bound nuclei

Answer 9

Prokaryotes

Question 10

green plants; multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and usually perform photosynthesis

Answer 10

Plantae

Question 11

yeasts, molds, and mushrooms; multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls and do not conduct photosynthesis

Answer 11

Fungi

Question 12

multicellular animals; eukaryotes without cell walls; usually can move and collect food

Answer 12

Animalia

Question 13

eukaryotes that are not green plants, fungi, or multicellular animals; mostly unicellular organ­isms, such as amoeba, euglena, and paramecium

Answer 13

Protista

Question 14

true bacteria, including common disease­ causing bacteria; prokaryotes with cell walls made of the substance peptidoglycan

Answer 14

Eubacteria

Question 15

prokaryotes that do not contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls and have other key differences from true bacteria; many live in extreme environments (e.g., very cold habitats or highly saline, acidic, or alkaline water)

Answer 15

Archaebacteria

Question 16

Three parts of Domain

Answer 16

Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea

Question 17

grouping based on the supposed evolutionary relationships of organisms

Answer 17

Phylogeny

Question 18

assumes that how closely related two organisms are determines how many characteristics they have in common

Answer 18

Cladistics

Question 19

depict all forms of life coming from a single life form (single cell)

Answer 19

Phylogenetic trees

Question 20

plants that reproduce by seeds formed in flowers

Answer 20

angiosperm

Question 21

plants with vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)

Answer 21

vascular plants

Question 22

plants without vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)

Answer 22

Nonvascular plants

Question 23

means “naked seed”; produce seeds not covered by the walls of an ovary

Answer 23

Gymnosperm

Question 24

cone bearing gymnosperms

Answer 24

Conifers

Question 25

pollen­ producing cones

Answer 25

Staminate cones

Question 26

seed producing cones. They produce the ovules, which are fertilized by the pollen from staminate cones

Answer 26

Ovulate cones

Question 27

Examples of conifers

Answer 27

Douglas fit
Giant sequoia
Bristlecone pine
Coast redwood
Pine
Spruce
Wollemi pine

Question 28

some of the oldest living things on earth

Answer 28

Bristlecone pine

Question 29

some of the tallest things on earth

Answer 29

Coast redwood

Question 30

2-5 needles at a time

Answer 30

pine

Question 31

one needle at a time

Answer 31

spruce

Question 32

thought to be extinct but is not

Answer 32

Wollemi pine

Question 33

4 gymnosperms

Answer 33

Cycad
Ginkgo
Gnetophyta
Conifers

Question 34

resemble palm trees, grow today only in certain tropical and subtropical regions (gymnosperm)

Answer 34

Cycad

Question 35

cone bearing gymnosperms

Answer 35

conifer

Question 36

oriental gymnosperm with two lobed, fan­ shaped leaves

Answer 36

Ginkgo

Question 37

small phylum of gymnosperms with varied charac­teristics; reproduce through seeds formed in cones

Answer 37

Gnetophyta