Ch11 Prokaryotes

Question 1

the most common infectious bacteria, 75% of insects have inside them

Answer 1

Wolbachia

Question 2

how wolbachia is transmitted, what it does

Answer 2

via insect eggs

can change the sex ratio of offspring

Question 3

most abundant bacteria on earth, can grow in low levels of nutrients

Answer 3

pelagibacter

Question 3

tropical plant root alphaproteobacteria, fixes nitrogen

Answer 3

Azospirillum

Question 4

closest living relative to mitochondria, causes rocky mountain spotted fever

Answer 4

Rickettsia (alpha)

Question 5

alphaproteobacteria that fixes nitrogen for legumes

Answer 5

Rhizobium

Question 6

alphaproteobacteria that turns ammonium into nitrite

or nitrite into nitrate

Answer 6

Nitrobacter

Question 7

list the alphaproteobacteria

Answer 7

pelagibacter
azospirillum
rickettsia 
wolbachia 
rhizobium 
nitrobacter

Question 8

list betaproteobacteria

Answer 8

theobacillus
bordetella
neisseria

Question 9

where betaproteobacteria live

Answer 9

close to anaerobic enviroments bc they use nutrients from anaerobic decompisition

Question 10

betaproteobacteria that oxidizes sulfur

Answer 10

theobacillus

Question 11

betaproteobacteria that causes pertussis (whooping cough or kennel cough)

Answer 11

Bordetella

Question 12

betaproteobacteria that causes gonorhea, lives in mucous membrane of those it infects

Answer 12

neisseria

Question 13

list the gammaproteobacteria

Answer 13

pseudomonas
legionella
eschericia
klebsiella
yersinia

Question 14

gammproteobacteria: most common causal agent of infections due to burns

Answer 14

pseudomonas

Question 15

psuedomonas used for bioremediation (making organisms good at breaking down pollutants)

Answer 15

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 16

gammaproteobacteria that causes Legionnaires disease (pneumonia), grows in warm water supply lines and AC cooling towers

Answer 16

Legionella

Question 17

gammaproteobacteria that lives in the GI track of organisms, can cause hemoragic diarrhea, main indicator of water quality/ fecal contaminaiton

Answer 17

Eschericia

E Coli specifically

Question 18

strain of E coli found in bovine digestive tracks

Answer 18

O157:H7

Question 19

what gammaproteobacteria Klebsiella does

Answer 19

causes pneumonia, fixes nitrogen

Question 20

gammaproteobacteria that caused the black death/ bubonic plague. trasmitted via rats and fleas

Answer 20

Yersinia (Yersinia pestis specifically)

Question 21

proteobacteria group that is predatory on other bacteria

Answer 21

deltaproteobacteria

Question 22

sulfur producing deltproteobacteria

Answer 22

desulfovibrio

Question 23

how deltaproteobacterium Myxococcus reproduces

Answer 23

• individuals swarm together forming biofilm
• quorum sense and form stalk that forms myxospores
• myxospores spread and germinate

Question 24

group of proteobacteria that is helical or curved

Answer 24

epsilonproteobacteria

Question 25

epsilonproteobacteria associated w gastric ulcers and stomach cancer loss associated w weight gain or obesity bc it produces ghrelin that controls hunger

Answer 25

Heliobacter (H. pylori specifically)

Question 26

list non-proteobacteria gram-neg

Answer 26

cyanobacteria Chlamydia spirochete

Question 27

non-proteobacteria, gram-neg, that can be filamentous or non-filamentous, form heterocysts to fix nitrogen, carry out oxygen photosynthesis

Answer 27

cyanobacteria

Question 28

examples of cyanobacteria

Answer 28

anabaena | gloeocaosa (unicellular non-filamentous)

Question 29

non-proteobacteria gram-neg w no peptidoglycan in cell wall, reproduce via elementary bodies

Answer 29

chlamydia

Question 30

non-proteobacteria gram-neg that causes lyme disease

Answer 30

Borrelia burgdorferi (spirochete)

Question 31

non-proteobacteria gram-neg that causes syphilis

Answer 31

Treponema (spirochete)

Question 32

firmicutes v actinobacteria (high or low G+C) (gram pos or neg)

Answer 32

firmicutes= low G+C actinobacteria= high G+C both gram pos

Question 33

firmicutes w no cell wall

Answer 33

mycoplasmatales

Question 34

firmicutes that produce endospores anaerobically v aerobically

Answer 34

``` anaerobic= clostridiales aerobic= bacillales ```

Question 35

firmicutes w cell walls that dont produce endospores

Answer 35

lactobaccillales

Question 36

clostridium perfringens is a spore former that causees

Answer 36

gas gangrene

Question 37

examples of clostridium bacteria

Answer 37

tetani, botulinum, perifringens

Question 38

examples of bacillus (of genera Bacillales, aerobic endospore formers)

Answer 38

anthracis= causes anthrax thuringiensis= makes Bt toxin subtilis, cereus, staphylococcus =methicillin resistant staph. aureus "MRSA") streptococcus= pyogens cause strep throat, mutans; main bacteria that cause cavities

Question 39

actinobacteria that causes tuberculosis and leprosy

Answer 39

mycobacterium

Question 40

actinobacteria that causes actinomyces (an infection of the head, neck, and lungs

Answer 40

actinomyces

Question 41

actinobacteria that causes the smell of rain | is the source of many anitbiotics, common in soil

Answer 41

streptomyces

Question 42

list the actinobacteria (high G+C gram pos)

Answer 42

mycobacterium actinomyces streptomyces

Question 43

organism that produces most of the O2 we breathe

Answer 43

cyanobacteria (non-proteabacteria gram-neg)