Ch.10 Drugs used in ophthalmic and otic disorders

Question 1

The ocular system is comprised of the _ and _

Answer 1

eyes and adnexa

Question 2

Globe consists of

Answer 2

globe, choroid, retina

Question 3

Adnexa consists of the surrounding structures:

Answer 3

orbit, eye muscles, eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus

Question 4

common ophthalmic disease

Answer 4

ulcerative keratitis
uveitis
glaucoma
KCS
conjunctivitis

Question 5

Ophthalmic drugs must be absorbed into the _ chamber

Answer 5

anterior

Question 6

Examples of topical anesthetics _ and _ are used to help perform comprehensive eye exams or removal of foreign material from the eye

Answer 6

proparacaine and tetracaine

Question 7

_ _ is applied to the cornea (using sterile saline_ to assess any corneal defects (the stain is orange until it adheres to a corneal defect, where it appears green)

Answer 7

Fluorescein sodium

Question 8

What do miotics do to the pupil

Answer 8

constrict it

Question 9

Miotics are used to tx

Answer 9

open-angle glaucoma by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor (decreasing intraocular pressure)

Question 10

Example of commonly used miotics

Answer 10

pilocarpine

Question 11

What mydriatics do to the pupil

Answer 11

dilate it

Question 12

Cycloplegics _ the ciliary muscles and minimize pain

Answer 12

paralyze

Question 13

Examples of mydriatics

Answer 13

atropine, homatropine, phenylephrine, tropicamide, epinephrine

Question 14

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors decrease _ _ production

Answer 14

aqueous humor

Question 15

Examples of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 15

acetazolamide, dorzolamide, dichlorphenamide, and methazolamide

Question 16

How do beta-adrenergic blockers affect production of aqueous humor

Answer 16

decrease

Question 17

Examples of beta-adrenergic blockers

Answer 17

timolol and betazolol

Question 18

_ are diuretics that decrease vitreous humor volume to rapidly decrease intraocular pressure

Answer 18

osmotics

Question 19

Examples of osmotics

Answer 19

mannitol and glycerin

Question 20

Drugs used to tx uveitis

Answer 20

flurbiprofen ophthalmic, tx underlying condition

Question 21

Examples of drugs used to tx KCS

Answer 21

-Artificial tears
-Antibiotic steroid tx
-Immunomodulators such as cyclosporine

Question 22

Tx of ulcerative keratitis (corneal ulceration)

Answer 22

Anti-infective opthalmic drops/ointment (bacitracin, neomycin, polymyxin, erythromycin, etc.)

Serum

Atropine sulfate (cycloplegic)

Question 23

Other drugs used to tx ocular disease

Answer 23

Antibiotics
Antifungals
Antivirals
Corticosterioids
NSADIS

Question 24

Side effects of otitis interna

Answer 24

head tilt toward infected side, ataxia, nausea, vomiting

Question 25

Drug combos used in otic tx

Answer 25

antibiotics antiparasitics antifungals corticosteroids w/ anti-invectives otic drying, cleansing, and dewaxing agents