Ch.10 Drugs used in ophthalmic and otic disorders Flashcards
The ocular system is comprised of the _ and _
eyes and adnexa
Globe consists of
globe, choroid, retina
Adnexa consists of the surrounding structures:
orbit, eye muscles, eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus
common ophthalmic disease
ulcerative keratitis
uveitis
glaucoma
KCS
conjunctivitis
Ophthalmic drugs must be absorbed into the _ chamber
anterior
Examples of topical anesthetics _ and _ are used to help perform comprehensive eye exams or removal of foreign material from the eye
proparacaine and tetracaine
_ _ is applied to the cornea (using sterile saline_ to assess any corneal defects (the stain is orange until it adheres to a corneal defect, where it appears green)
Fluorescein sodium
What do miotics do to the pupil
constrict it
Miotics are used to tx
open-angle glaucoma by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor (decreasing intraocular pressure)
Example of commonly used miotics
pilocarpine
What mydriatics do to the pupil
dilate it
Cycloplegics _ the ciliary muscles and minimize pain
paralyze
Examples of mydriatics
atropine, homatropine, phenylephrine, tropicamide, epinephrine
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors decrease _ _ production
aqueous humor
Examples of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
acetazolamide, dorzolamide, dichlorphenamide, and methazolamide
