Antiparasitic Drugs

Question 1

What is parasitism

Answer 1

a relationship between 2 different organisms in which one of the organisms (parasite) benefits while the other (the host) is harmed

Question 2

Helminths are divided into what 2 major groups

Answer 2

Nematodes and Platyhelminthes

Question 3

Nematodes are

Answer 3

cylindrical, nofsegmented worms (roundworms and hookworms)

Question 4

Platyhelminthes are

Answer 4

flattened worms subdivided into cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes)

Question 5

Anthelmintics do what

Answer 5

kill worm parasites

Question 6

Type of anthelmintics

Answer 6

antinematodals
anticestodals
antitrematodals

Question 7

Benzimidazoles are _ and are recognized by “
-azole” ending in drug name

Answer 7

antinematodals

Question 8

Ex of benzimidazoles

Answer 8

-Thiabendazole: has antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects
-Fenbendazole (Panacur): wide spectrum of activity; give for 3 days
-Albendazole (valbazen)

Question 9

Panacur is effective against

Answer 9

hooks, whips, rounds, giardia

Question 10

Imidazothiazoles are effective against

Answer 10

ascarids, strongyles, whipworms, and hookworms

Question 11

Example of an imidazothiazole

Answer 11

levamisole

Question 12

Tetrahydropyrimidines are effective against

Answer 12

ascarids, pinworms, strongyles, and hookworms

Question 13

What do tetrahydropyrimidines do

Answer 13

mimic the action of ACh and cause paralysis of the worm

Question 14

Examples of tetrahydropyrimidines

Answer 14

pyrantel pamoate (Nemex, Strongid), pyrantal tatrate, and morantel tartrate

Question 15

Strongid is effective against

Answer 15

hooks and rounds

Question 16

Avermectins are sensitive to what breed

Answer 16

collie

Question 17

Ivermectin is used for

Answer 17

heart worm prevention and mange

Question 18

Another example of an avermectin

Answer 18

moxidectin

Question 19

Avermectins are not effective against

Answer 19

cestodes or trematodes

Question 20

What is piperazine effective against

Answer 20

ascarids

Question 21

What is present in most OTC dewormers

Answer 21

Piperazine

Question 22

-antel is for

Answer 22

tapes

Question 23

Anticestodals

Answer 23

Praziquantel
Epsiprantel
Fenbendazole

Question 24

Praziquantel works on

Answer 24

all cestode species (also used to eliminate fleas)

Question 25

Epsiprantel is effective against

Answer 25

taenia and diplydium but not echinoccocus

Question 26

Fenbendazole is effective only against _ species as an anticestodal

Answer 26

taenia

Question 27

Antitrematodals

Answer 27

Clorsulon Albendazole Praziquantel

Question 28

Clorsulon is effective against

Answer 28

facciola hepatica

Question 29

Praziquantel is also effective against

Answer 29

lung trematodes in dogs and cats

Question 30

Depsipeptides are antiparasitic agents that stimulate presynaptic receptors which cause

Answer 30

paralysis and death of parasite

Question 31

Profendor is a combo product used topically in cats for tx and control of

Answer 31

hooks, rounds, and tapes

Question 32

SE of profender

Answer 32

lethargy, salivation, vomiting, neuro signs like tremors

Question 33

Anticoccidial drugs are _ (do not actually kill the parasite so hygiene is crucial)

Answer 33

coccidiostats

Question 34

What reduces the number of coccidia oocysts shed thus reducing spread of disease

Answer 34

Sulfadimethoxine (Albon)

Question 35

Other antiprotozoals that work mainly by affecting the protozoans metabolism

Answer 35

Nicarbazine Amprolium Monensin Decoquinate Robenidine

Question 36

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis is caused by

Answer 36

sarcocystis neurona

Question 37

Tx of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis

Answer 37

Ponazuril (Marquis)

Question 38

Ponazuril may also be used (extra label) to tx other protozoal parasites like

Answer 38

Toxoplasma spp, Coccidia, and neospora canine

Question 39

Drugs used to tx Giardia

Answer 39

Metronidazole (not for use in food animals) Fenbendazole Albendazole

Question 40

Drugs used to tx babesia sp.

Answer 40

Imidocarb- has cholinergic effects on the protozoan Tick prevention

Question 41

3 stages of management of hw disease

Answer 41

Preventing 3rd stage larvae from reaching maturity Adulticide therapy Eradication of circulating microfilariae after infection

Question 42

Once monthly oral preventatives for heartworms

Answer 42

ivermectin milbemycin

Question 43

Once monthly topical preventative for heart worms

Answer 43

selamectin moxidectin

Question 44

Six/twelve month injectable prevention for heart worms

Answer 44

moxidectin

Question 45

Adulticide therapy drug for heart worm disease

Answer 45

Melarsomine given in epaxial muscles SE: nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity

Question 46

What does bravecto do in once given

Answer 46

reaches tissue fluids just under skin so when fleas or tick feed, they ingest bravecto and die

Question 47

Bravecto for dogs starts killing fleas within _ hours and kills ticks within _ hours

Answer 47

2; 12

Question 48

Bravecto is also effective against _

Answer 48

demodex spp

Question 49

What does nexgard do to fleas

Answer 49

stimulates the nervous system causing them to rise to the top of the dogs coat as they die

Question 50

Advantix is effective against what for dogs

Answer 50

fleas, ticks, biting flies, mosquitoes, lice

Question 51

Active ingredients in Advantix

Answer 51

imadacloprid and permethrin

Question 52

Active ingredient in Advantage II

Answer 52

imidacloprid

Question 53

What is advantage II

Answer 53

monthly flea preventative for dogs and cats that prevents fleas and lice through contact, which means the fleas don't have to bite the pet to die

Question 54

What is the main active ingredient of Frontline, Topspot, Fiprogaurd, Flevox, and Pet Armor

Answer 54

Fipronil

Question 55

How do imadazothiazoles work

Answer 55

work by stimulating the nematode's cholinergic nervous system leading to paralysis of the parasite (therefore not ovicidal)