Ch04

Question 1

First Continental Congress

Answer 1

a meeting of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to decide how to respond to the closing of Boston Harbor, increased taxes, and abuses of authority by the British government; delegates petitioned King George III, listing the freedoms they believed colonists should enjoy

Question 2

Patriots

Answer 2

American colonists who fought for independence from Great Britain during the Revolutionary War

Question 3

Continental Army

Answer 3

the army created by the Second Continental Congress in 1775 to defend the American colonies from Britain

Question 4

minutemen

Answer 4

American colonial militia members ready to fight at a minute’s notice

Question 5

Redcoats

Answer 5

British soldiers who fought against the colonists in the American Revolution; so called because of their bright red uniforms

Question 6

Second Continental Congress

Answer 6

a meeting of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to decide how to react to fighting at Lexington and Concord

Question 7

George Washington

Answer 7

Revolutionary War hero and Patriot leader, he served as a representative to the Continental Congresses, commanded the Continental Army, and was unanimously elected to two terms as president of the United States

Question 8

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 8

a Revolutionary War battle in Boston that demonstrated that the colonists could fight well against the British army

Question 9

Common Sense

Answer 9

a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that criticized monarchies and convinced many American colonists of the need to break away from Britain

Question 10

Thomas Paine

Answer 10

American political philosopher and author, he urged an immediate declaration of independence from England in his anonymously and simply written pamphlet, Common Sense

Question 11

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 11

American statesman, and member of two Continental Congresses, chairman of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, the Declaration’s main author and one of its signers, and the third president of the United States

Question 12

Loyalists

Answer 12

colonists who sided with Britain in the American Revolution

Question 13

Declaration of Independence

Answer 13

the document written to declare the colonies free from British rule

Question 14

mercenaries

Answer 14

hired foreign soldiers

Question 15

Battle of Trenton

Answer 15

a Revolutionary War battle in New Jersey in which Patriot forces captured more than 900 Hessian troops

Question 16

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 16

a Revolutionary War battle in New York that resulted in a major defeat of British troops; marked the Patriots’ greatest victory up to that point in the war

Question 17

Marquis de Lafayette

Answer 17

French statesman and officer who viewed the American Revolution as important to the world, he helped finance the Revolution and served as major general

Question 18

Bernardo de Galvez

Answer 18

Governor of Spanish Louisiana, he captured key cities from the British, greatly aiding the American Patriot movement and enabling the Spanish acquisition of Florida

Question 19

Baron Friedrich von Steuben

Answer 19

Prussian soldier who helped train American forces at Valley Forge during the American Revolutionary War

Question 20

John Paul Jones

Answer 20

American naval officer famed for bravery, his most famous victory was the defeeat of the British warship Serapis, during which he declared, “I have not yet begun to fight!”

Question 21

George Rogers Clark

Answer 21

American Revolutionary soldier and frontier leader, he captured the British tradiing village of Kaskaskia during the Revolution and encouraged Indian leaders to remain neutral

Question 22

Francis Marion

Answer 22

Revolutionary War commander of Marion’s Brigade, a group of guerilla soldiers in South Carolina that used surprise raids against British communications and supply lines

Question 23

Comte de Rochambeau

Answer 23

French soldier who commanded the French troops in the American Revolutionary War. He was with General George Washington at the Battle of Yorktown

Question 24

Battle of Yorktown

Answer 24

the last major battle of the Revolutionary War; site of British general Charles Cornwallis’s surrender to the Patriots in Virginia

Question 25

Treaty of Paris of 1783

Answer 25

a peace agreement that officially ended the Revolutionary War and established British recognition of the independence of the United States

Question 26

First Continental Congress: Who was there? Why did they meet? What did they do?

Answer 26

At the First Continental Congress were Colonial leaders from all the colonies (except Georgia) They meet to discuss and make a list of problems in the colonies.

Question 27

Second Continental Congress: Who was there? Why did they meet? What did they do?

Answer 27

.Colonial leaders were there and they were there to make a colonial army because there were other battles going on and they needed more troops.

Question 28

Where was the battle of Bunker Hill? What happened? Why was it significant?

Answer 28

.It was in Breed’s Hill, the patriots lost but the British had to sacrifice twice as any soldiers at the patriots did. This showed the the patriots could fight after all.

Question 29

What did the Declaration of Independence do? What are some of the things mentioned in it?

Answer 29

.The Declaration of Independence was a bunch of reasons why the colonies should be independent.

Question 30

What impact did the Declaration of Independence have on minorities such as women, African Americans, and Native Americans?

Answer 30

.The Declaration of Independence dint add as any freedoms to the minorities.

Question 31

What groups supported the colonists’ war effort?

Answer 31

.Comte de Rochambeau, Francis Marion, Baron Friedrich von Steuben, Bernardo de Galvez were some people who helped the war effort.

Question 32

What led up to the Battle of Trenton? Why was it significant?

Answer 32

It was significant becuse Washington led his some 2,400 troops to enemy camps right after Christmas and took over 900 prisoners.

Question 33

What led up to the Battle of Saratoga? Why was it significant?

Answer 33

It was significant because it was a major victory for the patriots.

Question 34

What problems did the Continental Army face during the winter of 1777-1778 at Valley Forge?

Answer 34

.The Major problem was the brutal winter.

Question 35

How did the Continental Army respond to the challenges they faced at Valley Forge?

Answer 35

.The patriots build crude shelters from the brutal winter.

Question 36

What was the winter of 1777-1778 like for the British Army?

Answer 36

.The British lived in luxury in Philadelphia, they enjoyed vacant houses, taverns, and theaters they also held balls and parties.

Question 37

What is guerrilla warfare? Who used it? How did it affect the Revolutionary War?

Answer 37

Guerrilla Warfare was a bunch of hit-and-run attacks. Francis Marian was the leader of these hit-and-run attacks and it stopped some British communication and supply lines.

Question 38

What led up to the Battle of Yorktown? Why was it significant?

Answer 38

.It was significant because it was the last major battle of the american Revelation.

Question 39

What did the Treaty of Paris of 1783 do? Why was it significant?

Answer 39

.This was the official recognition of the colonial receptionist.