Ch 08 Flashcards
John Adams
American statesman, he was a delgate to the Continental Congress, a member of the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence, vice president to George Washington, and the second president of the United States
John Marshall
Federalist leader who served in the House of Representatives and as U.S. Secretary of State, he later became the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, establishing in Marbury v Madison the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review
judicial review
The Supreme Court’s power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
Marbury v Madison
U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review
Louisiana Purchase
The purchase of French land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains that doubled the size of the United States
Lewis and Clark expedition
an expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark that began in 1804 to explore the Louisiana Purchase
Meriwether Lewis
Former army captain selected by President Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase, he led the expedition that became known as the Lewis and Clark expedition
William Clark
American soldier and friend of Meriwether Lewis, he was invited to explore the Louisiana Purchase and joined what became known as the Lewis and Clark expedition
Sacagawea
Shoshone woman who, along with her French fur-trapper husband, accompanied and aided Lewis and Clark on their expedition
Zebulon Pike
Army officer sent on a mission to explore the West, he was ordered to find the headwaters of the Red River. He attempted to climb what is now known as Pikes Peak in Colorado
USS Constitution
a large warship
embargo
the banning of trade with a country
Embargo Act
a law that prohibited American merchants from trading with other countries
impressment
the practice of forcing people to serve in the army or navy; led to increased tensions between Great Britain and the United States in the early 1800s
Non-intercourse Act
A law that replaced the Embargo Act and restored trade with all nations except Britain, France, and their colonies
Tecumseh
Shawnee chief who attempted to form an Indian confederation to resist white settlement in the Northwest Territory
Battle of Tippecanoe
U.S. victory over an Indian confederation that wanted to stop white settlement in the Northwest Territory; increased tensions between Great Britain and the United States
War Hawks
members of Congress who wanted to declare war against Britain after the Battle of Tippecanoe
Battle of Lake Erie
U.S. victory in the War of 1812, led by Oliver Hazard Perry; broke Britain’s control of Lake Erie
Oliver Hazard Perry
American naval captain who put together the fleet that defeated the British at the Battle of Lake Erie in the War of 1812
Andrew Jackson
Nicknamed Old Hickory, he was an American hero in the Battle of New Orleans. As commander of the Tennessee militia, he defeated the Creek Indians, securing 23 million acres of land. His election as the seventh president of the United States marked an era of democracy called Jacksonian Democracy
Battle of New Orleans
The greatest U.S. victory in the War of 1812; actually took place two weeks after a peace treaty had been signed ending the war
Treaty of Fort Jackson
A treaty signed after the U.S. victory at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend; the Creek were forced to give up 23 million acres of their land
Hartford Convention
a meeting of Federalists at Hartford, Connecticut to protest the War of 1812
Treaty of Ghent
A treaty signed by the United States and Britain ending the War of 1812
