Ch 16

Question 1

Fort Sumter

Answer 1

a federal outpost in Charleston, South Carolina, that was attacked by the Confederates in April 1861, sparking the Civil War

Question 2

border states

Answer 2

Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri; slaes states that lay between the North and the South and did not join the Confederacy during the Civil War

Question 3

cotton diplomacy

Answer 3

Confederate efforts to use the importance of southern cotton to Britain’s textile industry to persuade the British to support the Confederacy in the Civil War

Question 4

Winfield Scott

Answer 4

American general, he served as commander in the Mexican War and used a two-part strategy against the South in the Civil War; he wanted to destroy the South’s economy with a naval blockade and gain control of the Mississippi River

Question 5

First Battle of Bull Run

Answer 5

the first major battle of the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory; showed that the Civil War would not be won easily

Question 6

George B McClellan

Answer 6

American army general put in charge of Union troops and later removed by Lincoln for failure to press Lee’s Confederate troops in Richmond

Question 7

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

Answer 7

American Confederate general, he led the Shenandoah Valley campaign and fought with Lee in the Seven Days’ Battles and the First and Second Battles of Bull Run

Question 8

Robert E Lee

Answer 8

American soldier, he refused Lincoln’s offer to head the Union Army and agreed to ead Confederate forces. He successfully led several major battles untill his defeat at Gettysburg, and he surrendered to the Union’s commander Genera Grant at Appomattox Courthouse

Question 9

Second Battle of Bull Run

Answer 9

a Civil War battle in which the Confederate army forced most of the Union army out of Virginia

Question 10

Seven Days’ Battles

Answer 10

a series of Ciil War battles in which Confederate army successes forced the Union army to retreat from Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capital

Question 11

Battle of Antietam

Answer 11

A union victory in the Civil War that marked the bloodiest single-day battle in U.S. military history

Question 12

ironclad

Answer 12

a warship that is heavily armored with iron

Question 13

Ulysses S. Grant

Answer 13

Eighteenth President of the united states, he receied a field promotion to lieutenant general in charge of all Union forces after leading a successful battle. He accepted General Lee’s surrender of Confederate forces at Appomattox Courthouse, ending the Civil War

Question 14

Battle of Shiloh

Answer 14

A Civil War battle in Tennessee in which the Union army gained greater control over the Mississippi River valley

Question 15

David Farragut

Answer 15

American soldier, he was the first commissioned American admiral, and in the Civil War, he captured New Orleans and maintained a blockade along the Gulf Coast against Confederate forces

Question 16

Siege of Vicksburg

Answer 16

the Union army’s six-week blockade of icksburg that led the city to surrender during the Civil War

Question 17

emancipation

Answer 17

freeing of the slaves

Question 18

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 18

an order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaes in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863

Question 19

54th Massachusetts Infantry

Answer 19

African American Civil War regiment that attacked Fort Wagner in South Carolina

Question 20

contraband

Answer 20

an escaped slave who joined the Union army during the Civil War

Question 21

Copperheads

Answer 21

a group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War

Question 22

habeas corpus

Answer 22

the constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment

Question 23

Clara Barton

Answer 23

Founder of the American Red Cross, she obtained and administered supplies and care to the Unionsoldiers during the American Civil War

Question 24

Battle of Gettysburg

Answer 24

A Union Civil War victory that turned the tide against the Confederates at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

Question 25

George Pickett

Answer 25

American general in the Confederate army, he was famed for Pickett’s Charge, a failed but heroic effort at Cemetere Ridge in the Battle of Gettysburg, often considered a turning point of the Civil War

Question 26

Pickett’s Charge

Answer 26

a failed Confederate attack during the Civil War led by General George Pickett at the Battle of Gettysburgh

Question 27

Gettysburg Address

Answer 27

a speech given by Abraham Lincoln in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War

Question 28

Wilderness Campaign

Answer 28

a series of battles between Union and Confederate forces in northern and central Virgnia that delayed the Union capture of Richmond

Question 29

William Tecumseh Sherman

Answer 29

American Union army officer, his famous March to the Sea captured Atlanta, Georgia, marking an important turning point in the war

Question 30

Appomattox Courthouse

Answer 30

the location where General Rober E. Lee was forced to surrender, thus ending the Civil War

Question 31

total war

Answer 31

a type of war in which an army destroys its oppoonent’s ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources