Ch01 Before exploration (p2 - 33)

Question 1

Bering Land Bridge

Answer 1

a strip of land connecting Alaska with Russia that emerged from underwater around 38000 BC

Question 2

hunter-gatherer

Answer 2

a person who hunts animals and gathers wild plants for his or her needs

Question 3

migration

Answer 3

the movement of people from one region to another

Question 4

Paleo-Indians

Answer 4

the first american who crossed from Asia to North America sometime between 38000 and 10000 BC

Question 5

amendment

Answer 5

an official change, correction, or addition to a law or constitution

Question 6

culture

Answer 6

the common values and traditions of society such as languages governments and family relationships

Question 7

environment

Answer 7

the climate and landscape that surrounds living things

Question 8

kivas

Answer 8

underground ceremonial chambers at the center of Anasazi communities

Question 9

pueblos

Answer 9

aboveground houses made of heavy clay called adobe that was built by native americans of southwestern united states

Question 10

totems

Answer 10

images of ancestors or animal spirits often carved onto tall wooden poles by native american people of the pacific northwest

Question 11

Iroquois League

Answer 11

A political confederation of five northeastern native american nations of Seneca, Oneida, Mohawk, Cayugo, and Onondaga that make decisions considering war and peace

Question 12

matrilineal

Answer 12

related to ancestry traced through the maternal or mother’s line

Question 13

teepees

Answer 13

cone shaped shelters made of buffalo skin used by native americans in the plains region

Question 14

Berbers

Answer 14

a group of people from northern africa

Question 15

hajj

Answer 15

a pilgrimage to Mecca made by devout Muslims

Question 16

mosques

Answer 16

buildings used for muslim prayer

Question 17

reason

Answer 17

clear and ordered thinking, greek philosopher aristotle believed it was the basis of a good life

Question 18

democracy

Answer 18

a government in which people rule themselves

Question 19

knights

Answer 19

warriors who fought on horseback in return for land from nobles

Question 20

Black Death

Answer 20

A series of plagues that killed about a million people in Europe starting in 1347

Question 21

joint-stock company

Answer 21

a business formed by a group of people who jointly make an investment and share in the profits and losses

Question 22

Mansa Musa

Answer 22

Emperor of Mali, grandson or grandnephew of Sundiata, made pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324

Question 23

Askia the Great

Answer 23

Songhai ruler, he overthrew Sunni Baru. Originally named Muhammad Ture, he took the military title askia and became known as Askia the Great

Question 24

Aristotle

Answer 24

Greek philosopher, student of Plato, he thought that people should live in moderation and use reason

Question 25

Plato

Answer 25

Greek philosopher, student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, wrote The Republic

Question 26

Socrates

Answer 26

Greek philosopher, teacher of Plato, who wanted to make people question their own beliefs and think for themselves

Question 27

Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 27

Italian painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, scientist, and inventor

Question 28

Michelangelo

Answer 28

Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet

Question 29

Johannes Gutenberg

Answer 29

Credited with the invention of the movable type printing press