Ch01 Before exploration (p2 - 33) Flashcards
Bering Land Bridge
a strip of land connecting Alaska with Russia that emerged from underwater around 38000 BC
hunter-gatherer
a person who hunts animals and gathers wild plants for his or her needs
migration
the movement of people from one region to another
Paleo-Indians
the first american who crossed from Asia to North America sometime between 38000 and 10000 BC
amendment
an official change, correction, or addition to a law or constitution
culture
the common values and traditions of society such as languages governments and family relationships
environment
the climate and landscape that surrounds living things
kivas
underground ceremonial chambers at the center of Anasazi communities
pueblos
aboveground houses made of heavy clay called adobe that was built by native americans of southwestern united states
totems
images of ancestors or animal spirits often carved onto tall wooden poles by native american people of the pacific northwest
Iroquois League
A political confederation of five northeastern native american nations of Seneca, Oneida, Mohawk, Cayugo, and Onondaga that make decisions considering war and peace
matrilineal
related to ancestry traced through the maternal or mother’s line
teepees
cone shaped shelters made of buffalo skin used by native americans in the plains region
Berbers
a group of people from northern africa
hajj
a pilgrimage to Mecca made by devout Muslims
mosques
buildings used for muslim prayer
reason
clear and ordered thinking, greek philosopher aristotle believed it was the basis of a good life
democracy
a government in which people rule themselves
knights
warriors who fought on horseback in return for land from nobles
Black Death
A series of plagues that killed about a million people in Europe starting in 1347
joint-stock company
a business formed by a group of people who jointly make an investment and share in the profits and losses
Mansa Musa
Emperor of Mali, grandson or grandnephew of Sundiata, made pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324
Askia the Great
Songhai ruler, he overthrew Sunni Baru. Originally named Muhammad Ture, he took the military title askia and became known as Askia the Great
Aristotle
Greek philosopher, student of Plato, he thought that people should live in moderation and use reason
Plato
Greek philosopher, student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, wrote The Republic
Socrates
Greek philosopher, teacher of Plato, who wanted to make people question their own beliefs and think for themselves
Leonardo da Vinci
Italian painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, scientist, and inventor
Michelangelo
Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet
Johannes Gutenberg
Credited with the invention of the movable type printing press
