Ch 21

Question 1

political machine

Answer 1

a powerful organization that influenced city and county politics in the late 1800s

Question 2

William Marcy Tweed

Answer 2

New York city politician known for his control of the corrupt political machine called the Tammany Ring

Question 3

muckrakers

Answer 3

a term coined for journalists who “raked up” and exposed corruption and problems of society

Question 4

Progressives

Answer 4

a group of reformers who worked to improve social and political problems in the late 1800s

Question 5

initiative

Answer 5

a method of allowing voters to propose a new law if enough signatures are collected on a petition

Question 6

recall

Answer 6

a vote to remove an official from office

Question 7

referendum

Answer 7

a procedure that allows voters to approve or reject a law already proposed or passed by government

Question 8

Seventeenth Amendment

Answer 8

a constitutional amendment allowing American voters to directly elelect US senators

Question 9

Robert M La Follette

Answer 9

Progressive American politician, he was active in local Wisconsin issues and challenged party bosses. As governor, he began the reform program called the Wisconsin Idea to make state governemnt more professional

Question 10

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Answer 10

a factory fire that killed 146 workers trapped in the building; led to new safety standard laws

Question 11

capitalism

Answer 11

an economic system in which private businesses run most industries

Question 12

Industrial Workers of the World

Answer 12

a union founded in 1905 by socialists and union leaders that included workers not welcomed in the AFL

Question 13

socialism

Answer 13

economic system in which the government owns and operates a country’s means of production

Question 14

William “Big Bill” Haywood

Answer 14

One of the leaders of the International Workers of the World, a Socialist labor union active in the early 1900s

Question 15

Eighteenth Amendment

Answer 15

a constitutional amendment that outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States; repealed in 1933

Question 16

Frances Willard

Answer 16

American reformer who helped found the Women’s Christian Temperance Union and was also actie in the Women’s suffage movement

Question 17

National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

Answer 17

An organization founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in 1890 to obtain women’s right to vote

Question 18

Alice Paul

Answer 18

American social reformer, suffragist, and activist, she was the founder of the organization that became the National Women’s Party that worked to obtain women’s suffrage

Question 19

Booker T Washington

Answer 19

African American educator and civil rights leader, he was born into slavery and later became head of the Tuskegee Institute for career training for African Americans. He was an advocate for conservative social change.

Question 20

Ida B Wells

Answer 20

African American journalist and anti-lynching activist, she was part owner and editor of the Memphis Free Speech

Question 21

Nineteenth Amendment

Answer 21

a constitutional amendment that gae women the vote

Question 22

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Answer 22

an organization founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Du Bois and other reformers to bring attention to racial inequality

Question 23

W.E.B. Du Bois

Answer 23

African American educator, editor, and writer, he led the Niagara movement, calling for economic and educational equality for African Americans. He helped found the National Association fo the Advancement of Colored People

Question 24

Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 24

Twenty-sixth president of the united states after William McKinley was assassinated, he organized the first volunteer caalry regiment known as the Rough Riders who fought in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. As President, he acquired the Panama Canal Zone, and announced the Roosevelt Corollary, making the United States the defender of the Western Hemisphere.

Question 25

conservation

Answer 25

the planned management of natural resources to prevent their destruction

Question 26

Progressive Party

Answer 26

a short-lived political party that attempted to institute social reforms

Question 27

William Howard Taft

Answer 27

Twenty-seventh president of the United States, he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, which did not lower tariffs ery much. He lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term

Question 28

Sixteenth Amendment

Answer 28

an amendment ot the Constiutiton that allows personal imcome to be taxed