Ch 21 Flashcards
political machine
a powerful organization that influenced city and county politics in the late 1800s
William Marcy Tweed
New York city politician known for his control of the corrupt political machine called the Tammany Ring
muckrakers
a term coined for journalists who “raked up” and exposed corruption and problems of society
Progressives
a group of reformers who worked to improve social and political problems in the late 1800s
initiative
a method of allowing voters to propose a new law if enough signatures are collected on a petition
recall
a vote to remove an official from office
referendum
a procedure that allows voters to approve or reject a law already proposed or passed by government
Seventeenth Amendment
a constitutional amendment allowing American voters to directly elelect US senators
Robert M La Follette
Progressive American politician, he was active in local Wisconsin issues and challenged party bosses. As governor, he began the reform program called the Wisconsin Idea to make state governemnt more professional
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
a factory fire that killed 146 workers trapped in the building; led to new safety standard laws
capitalism
an economic system in which private businesses run most industries
Industrial Workers of the World
a union founded in 1905 by socialists and union leaders that included workers not welcomed in the AFL
socialism
economic system in which the government owns and operates a country’s means of production
William “Big Bill” Haywood
One of the leaders of the International Workers of the World, a Socialist labor union active in the early 1900s
Eighteenth Amendment
a constitutional amendment that outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States; repealed in 1933
Frances Willard
American reformer who helped found the Women’s Christian Temperance Union and was also actie in the Women’s suffage movement
National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
An organization founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in 1890 to obtain women’s right to vote
Alice Paul
American social reformer, suffragist, and activist, she was the founder of the organization that became the National Women’s Party that worked to obtain women’s suffrage
Booker T Washington
African American educator and civil rights leader, he was born into slavery and later became head of the Tuskegee Institute for career training for African Americans. He was an advocate for conservative social change.
Ida B Wells
African American journalist and anti-lynching activist, she was part owner and editor of the Memphis Free Speech
Nineteenth Amendment
a constitutional amendment that gae women the vote
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
an organization founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Du Bois and other reformers to bring attention to racial inequality
W.E.B. Du Bois
African American educator, editor, and writer, he led the Niagara movement, calling for economic and educational equality for African Americans. He helped found the National Association fo the Advancement of Colored People
Theodore Roosevelt
Twenty-sixth president of the united states after William McKinley was assassinated, he organized the first volunteer caalry regiment known as the Rough Riders who fought in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. As President, he acquired the Panama Canal Zone, and announced the Roosevelt Corollary, making the United States the defender of the Western Hemisphere.
conservation
the planned management of natural resources to prevent their destruction
Progressive Party
a short-lived political party that attempted to institute social reforms
William Howard Taft
Twenty-seventh president of the United States, he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, which did not lower tariffs ery much. He lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term
Sixteenth Amendment
an amendment ot the Constiutiton that allows personal imcome to be taxed
