Ch 5 (Limitations) Flashcards
Rotor Speed (NR)
LIMIT -- NR (%) Digital Readout 110 Maximum (>110 red) 106--110 Transient operation (yellow) 106 High rotor warning annunciated 95--105 Normal operation (green) 0--94 Transient operation (red)
ENGINE 1 OR 2 OIL PRESSURE (PSI)
LIMITS – ENGINE1 OR 2 OIL PRESSURE (PSI)
120 Maximum (>120 red w/box)
23–120 Normal operation (green)
23 Minimum
HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
LIMITS – HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
>3410 Transient operation permitted for 5 seconds (yellow). ( ≥ 5 seconds RED w/box)
3310 – 3400 Transient – operation permitted for 5 minutes (yellow) ( ≥ 5 minutes red w/box)
2750 – 3300 Normal operation (green)
1260 Minimum (<1260 red w/box)
Engine Starts At Ambient Temperatures of 61 °F (16 °C) and Below
Two consecutive start cycles may be made, followed by a 3 minute rest period, followed by two additional consecutive start cycles. A 30 minute rest period is then required before any additional starts.
Engine Starts At Ambient Temperatures Above 61 °F (16 °C)
Two consecutive start cycles may be made. A 30 minute rest period is then required before any additional starts.
Dual Engine Starts
Dual engine starts are prohibited due to insufficient IPAS air.
701C TGT (°C)
949 Maximum (>949 red)
904–949 Single engine transient, 12 second limit (yellow)
879–903 Single engine contingency, 2.5 minute limit (yellow)
852–878 Intermediate rated power, 10 minute limit (yellow)
851 Maximum during start
811–851 Intermediate rated power, 30 minute limit (yellow)
810 Maximum continuous power
0–810 Normal operation (green)
701C TGT Limiter Control
NOTE
Each engine incorporates a steady state TGT limiter control which limits engine operation according to the following indicated TGT values:
Dual Engine: 866 +/– 12 (855–879)° C
Single Engine: 891 +/– 12 (884–908)° C
The limit value within these ranges can change over a period of time.
Engine Power Turbine Speed, (NP)
121 Maximum (>121 red w/box).
115 Engine overspeed annunciated.
106–121 Transient operation, 12 seconds (yellow, w/box at 115).
0–105 Normal operation (green).
Engine Gas Generator (NG) Limitations: 701C
105.1 Maximum (>105.1 red)
102.3–105.1 Transient 12 second limit (yellow)
63.1–102.2 Normal operation (green)
63 Minimum engine out warning annunciated (<63.0 red w/box).
TORQUE (%) WITH NR LESS THAN 50%
30 Maximum (>30 red) 0--30 Normal operation (green)
TORQUE (%) WITH NR LESS THAN 90%
70 Maximum (>70 red) 0--70 Normal operation (green)
TORQUE (%) DUAL ENGINE
115 Maximum ( >115 red)
101–115 Transient 6 second limit (yellow).
0–100 Normal operation (green).
TORQUE (%) SINGLE ENGINE
125 Maximum (>125 red)
123–125 Transient 6 second limit (yellow).
111–122 Single engine contingency, 2.5 minute limit (yellow).
110 Single engine maximum continuous power (green).
0–110 Normal operation (green).
APU Operating Limitations
APU operation is prohibited during normal flight. After a fault or aborted start, wait 30 seconds after compressor has stopped before attempting another start. After 2 consecutive start attempts, wait 20 minutes before third start attempt. No more than 3 start attempts are permitted in one hour.
Extended APU Ground Operations
During prolonged ground operations greater than 30 minutes, observe XMSN TEMP 1 and XMSN TEMP 2 on the SYS page. If the temperatures exceed 130° C (266° F) the APU shall be shutdown and the transmission fluid allowed to cool for 30 minutes prior to resuming APU ground operations; or transmission fluid may be cooled by operating an engine with rotor turning.
APU NR Caution
CAUTION
Avoid prolonged operation at 94% – 96% NR with the APU running. The APU clutch will oscillate from engaged to disengaged. This creates high loads on the clutch and shall be avoided.
APU Transmission Oil Temp Caution
CAUTION
Do not operate the APU for more than 5 minutes at a main transmission oil temperature of 120 – 130° C. Shut down APU to prevent damaging accessory gearbox components.
WEIGHT LIMITATIONS
The aircraft maximum gross weight is 20,260 pounds, except for non–tactical ferry flights, which may not exceed 23,000 pounds.
Airspeed Limits For Autorotation
Maximum airspeed for autorotation is 145 KTAS. Above 145 KTAS, drag on the rotor system will cause NR to decay.
Airspeed Limits With One Engine Inoperative
Maximum airspeed with one engine inoperative is the greater of:
a. 67% of VNE determined from figure 5-13 using the GROSS WEIGHT line. Above this, a successful autorotation may not be possible due to NR decay.
b. The speed for minimum power determined from the Chapter 7 or Chapter 7A cruise charts using the MAX END/MAX R/C lines.
Maximum Airspeeds During Manual Stabilator Operations
Maximum airspeeds are based on stabilator position. The stabilator position and nominal airspeed restrictions are displayed on the FLT page, FLT SET page, as well as the SYS page, as described in paragraph 2.68.
Maximum Rearward/Sideward Flight Speed
Maximum rearward/sideward flight speed is 45 KTAS for all gross weights.
Maximum Airspeed for Searchlight Extension
The searchlight is designed for operation (extend/retract/rotate) at speeds up to 90 knots. However, as long as operation is not attempted, the lighthead can be left in any extended position at speeds up to VNE.
Maximum Airspeed with Symmetrically Loaded External Fuel Tanks (2 or 4) Installed
Maximum airspeed with symmetrically loaded external fuel tanks (2 or 4) installed is 130 KTAS to prevent structural damage to the airframe.
Maximum Airspeed for Stores Jettison
Jettison of external armament stores is not authorized except for emergency conditions and then only from unaccelerated flight during:
a. Maximum airspeed for stores jettison is 130 KTAS.
b. Hover to 45 KTAS (minimize side slip, if possible).
c. 45 to 130 KTAS (ball centered, if possible).
Maximum Airspeed for External Tanks Jettison
Jettison of external fuel tanks is not authorized except for emergency conditions and then only from airspeeds less than 100 KTAS. Jettison from level flight if possible, and if not, jettison at an airspeed which minimizes the rate of descent at the time of jettison.
MANEUVERING LIMITS
Intentional maneuvers beyond attitudes ± 30° in pitch or ± 60° in roll are prohibited.
Prevent Excessive Tail Rotor Loads
Avoid large pedal step inputs in arresting right hovering/low speed yawing turns greater than 60°/second. This is to prevent excessive tail rotor drive system loads.
Flight with Canopy Enclosure Open
Flight, hovering flight, and air taxiing with the canopy enclosure open are prohibited, except for smoke/fume elimination.
Landing Limits
Do not complete a landing on terrain which produces a pitch attitude change from a hover greater than 7° nose up or 12° nose down; or a roll attitude greater than 10°. Data is not available beyond these limits at gross weights above 17,650.
External Tanks
With external fuel tanks (2 or 4) containing fuel, symmetrically installed, the following restrictions apply:
a. Normal load factor of 2 Gs shall not be exceeded.
b. Maneuvers are limited to those required to takeoff, climb to optimum altitude, heading/course corrections, obstacle avoidance, descend and land.
c. 230 gal external fuel tanks shall be in the flight stow position (4° nose-up) with respect to the waterline (WL).
d. Rapid and step-shaped pedal inputs in excess of 1/2 in. shall be avoided.
e. Operation of the aircraft with the 230–gallon Extended Range Fuel System (ERFS) is prohibited during operations where hostile fire is highly probable.
Flight into Turbulence
Flight into known or forecast extreme turbulence or into known severe turbulence is prohibited.
Flight In Icing Conditions
Intentional flights into moderate icing conditions are prohibited. Flight into known or forecast trace or light icing conditions is authorized and not considered a hazard unless the condition is encountered for an extended period (over one hour).
Flight In Instrument Meteorological Conditions
The aircraft is not qualified for IMC flight. The back–up flight instruments are required to be installed and operational for all flights.
Rotor Limitations – Start and Stop Limits
Maximum wind velocity for rotor start or stop is 45 knots to prevent droop stop damage.
USE OF FORCE TRIM
Force trim will not be selected OFF except in a failed or partial failed mode.
NP NOTES
NOTE
• It is not abnormal to observe a NP1 and NP2 speed split during autorotation descent when the engines are fully decoupled from the transmission. A speed increase from 101% reference to 103% is possible for 701C only.
• Maximum NP vertical tape indication is 120 %
Oil Pressure NOTE
NOTE
It is normal for oil pressure to be high during first start when oil is cold. Oil pressure should return to normal after 5 minutes operation at idle speed. During these 5 minutes, do not accelerate above ground idle speed until oil pressure can be held at or below maximum limit throughout acceleration.
Excessive Tail Rotor Scissors Loads
Avoid agressive directional and lateral control inputs greater than 1 inch/second when conducting combat maneuvers requiring a left turn. This is to prevent excessive tail rotor scissors loads.
Engine Gas Generator (NG) Limitations: 701D
- 0: Maximum
- 1-106.0: Transient (12 seconds)
- 1-105: Maximum Continuous
- 0: Minimum engine out warning annunciation
701D TGT (°C)
949: Max
904-949: Single Engine Transient (12 seconds)
880-903: Single Engine Contingency (2.5 minutes)
847-879: Maximum Rated Power (10 mins)
851: Max during Start
794-846: Intermediate Rated Power (30 mins)
793: Maximum Continuous Power
0-793: Normal Operations
701D TGT Limiter (°C)
Dual Engine: 879 +/- 12
Single Engine: 903 +/- 12
