Ch 4: Tissue

Question 1

Groups of cells similar in structure that perform common or related function

Answer 1

Tissues

Question 2

Study of tissues

Answer 2

Histology

Question 3

Primary types of tissues

Answer 3

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

Question 4

Functions of epithelial

Answer 4

Protection, absorption,filtration, excretion, secretion, sensory reception

Question 5

Characteristics of epithelial

Answer 5

Polarity, specialized contacts, supported by connective tissue, a vascular, can regenerate

Question 6

This type of tissue covers

Answer 6

Epithelial tissue

Question 7

This type of tissue supports

Answer 7

Connective tissue

Question 8

This type of tissue produces movement

Answer 8

Muscle tissue

Question 9

This type of tissue controls

Answer 9

Nerve tissue

Question 10

This type of tissue forms boundaries and has two main types(by location)

Answer 10

Epithelial tissue

Question 11

Two main types of epithelial tissue

Answer 11

Covering/lining epithelial (on external and internal surfaces) and glandular epithelia (secretory tissue in glands)

Question 12

Epithelial: polarity
Upper free surface that is exposed to exterior or cavity
May be smooth and slick
Most have microvilli
Some have cilia

Answer 12

Apical surface

Question 13

Epithelial: polarity
Lower, attached surface
Noncellular
Adhesive sheet
Selective filter
Scaffolding for cell migration in wound repair
Adjacent to glycoprotein and collagen fibers

Answer 13

Basal surface

Question 14

Projections from the surface of some cells

Ex/ brush border of intestinal lining

Answer 14

Microvillis

Question 15

Hairlike vibrating structure

Ex/lining of trachea

Answer 15

Cilia

Question 16

This tissue is avasular(no blood) but innervated(supplied by nerves)

Answer 16

Epithelial tissue

Question 17

Single layer of cells

Answer 17

Simple epithelia

Question 18

Two or more layers of cells

Answer 18

Stratified epithelia

Question 19

What are epithelia classified by?

Answer 19

of cell layers and shape of cell

Question 20

Flattened and scalelike

Nucleus flattened

Answer 20

Squamous cells

Question 21

Boxlike

Nucleus round

Answer 21

Cuboidal

Question 22

Tall, column shaped

Nucleus enlongated

Answer 22

Columnar cells

Question 23

Type of tissue
Cells flattened laterally
Cytoplasm sparse
Function where rapid diffusion is priority
Secrete lubricating substances in serosae
Location: kidney, air sacs of lungs,lining of heart, blood vessels, endothelium, mesothelium

Answer 23

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 24

The lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and heart

Answer 24

Endothelium

Question 25

The epithelium of serous membranes in the ventral body cavity

Answer 25

Mesothelium

Question 26

``` Type of tissue Single layer of cells Secretion Absorption Forms walls of smallest ducts of glands and many kidney tubules ```

Answer 26

Simple cuboidal epithelia

Question 27

Type of tissue Single layer of tall, closely packed cells Absorption Secretion Location: lines digestive tract, gallbladder, small bronchi, uterus

Answer 27

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 28

``` Type of tissue Cells vary in height Call nuclei at different levels Appears stratified, is not Secretion Absorption Location: males sperm carrying ducts, trachea and upper respiratory tract ```

Answer 28

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 29

``` Type of tissue Two or more cell layers Regenerate from below(basal cells divide and migrate to surface) More durable than simple epithelium Protection is major role Location: esophagus, mouth, vagina, epidermis Most widespread epithelia Located for wear and tear Less viable ```

Answer 29

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 30

``` Type of tissue Very rare Found in some sweat and mammary glands Typically two cell layers thick Function: protection Location: largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands and salivary glands ```

Answer 30

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 31

Type of tissue Limited distribution in body Small amounts in pharynx, male urethra, and lining some glandular ducts Occurs at transition areas between two other types of epithelia Only apical layer columnar Protection Secretion

Answer 31

Stratified columnar epithelium

Question 32

Type of tissue Forms lining of hollow urinary organs Basal layer cells are cuboidal or columnar Ability to change shape with stretch Apical cells vary in appearance Location: lines the ureters, urinary bladder and part of urethra

Answer 32

Transitional epithelium

Question 33

One or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous fluid

Answer 33

Gland

Question 34

Glandular epithelium classified by

Answer 34

site of product release(endocrine or exocrine) and relative number of cells forming the gland (unicellular or multicellular)

Question 35

Ductless gland Secrete hormones that travel through lymph or blood to their specific target organs Target organs respond in some characteristic way

Answer 35

Endocrine glands

Question 36

Secretions released onto body surfaces or into body cavities More numerous than endocrine glands Secrete products into ducts Examples include mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands

Answer 36

Exocrine glands

Question 37

The important glands are mucous and goblet cells Found in epithelial lining of intestinal and respiratory tracts All produce mucin

Answer 37

Unicellular exocrine glands

Question 38

Composed of a duct and a secretary unit Usually surrounded by supportive connective tissue( supplies blood and nerve fibers, extends into and divides gland into lobes)

Answer 38

Multicellular exocrine glands

Question 39

How are multicellular glands classified

Answer 39

Structure and type of secretion

Question 40

Most- secrete products by exocytosis as produced

Answer 40

Merocrine

Question 41

Accumulates products within then rupture

Answer 41

Holocrine

Question 42

Accumulates products within but only apex ruptures(controversy if exist in humans)

Answer 42

Apocrine