Ch 4: Tissue

Question 1

Groups of cells similar in structure that perform common or related function

Answer 1

Tissues

Question 2

Study of tissues

Answer 2

Histology

Question 3

Primary types of tissues

Answer 3

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

Question 4

Functions of epithelial

Answer 4

Protection, absorption,filtration, excretion, secretion, sensory reception

Question 5

Characteristics of epithelial

Answer 5

Polarity, specialized contacts, supported by connective tissue, a vascular, can regenerate

Question 6

This type of tissue covers

Answer 6

Epithelial tissue

Question 7

This type of tissue supports

Answer 7

Connective tissue

Question 8

This type of tissue produces movement

Answer 8

Muscle tissue

Question 9

This type of tissue controls

Answer 9

Nerve tissue

Question 10

This type of tissue forms boundaries and has two main types(by location)

Answer 10

Epithelial tissue

Question 11

Two main types of epithelial tissue

Answer 11

Covering/lining epithelial (on external and internal surfaces) and glandular epithelia (secretory tissue in glands)

Question 12

Epithelial: polarity
Upper free surface that is exposed to exterior or cavity
May be smooth and slick
Most have microvilli
Some have cilia

Answer 12

Apical surface

Question 13

Epithelial: polarity
Lower, attached surface
Noncellular
Adhesive sheet
Selective filter
Scaffolding for cell migration in wound repair
Adjacent to glycoprotein and collagen fibers

Answer 13

Basal surface

Question 14

Projections from the surface of some cells

Ex/ brush border of intestinal lining

Answer 14

Microvillis

Question 15

Hairlike vibrating structure

Ex/lining of trachea

Answer 15

Cilia

Question 16

This tissue is avasular(no blood) but innervated(supplied by nerves)

Answer 16

Epithelial tissue

Question 17

Single layer of cells

Answer 17

Simple epithelia

Question 18

Two or more layers of cells

Answer 18

Stratified epithelia

Question 19

What are epithelia classified by?

Answer 19

of cell layers and shape of cell

Question 20

Flattened and scalelike

Nucleus flattened

Answer 20

Squamous cells

Question 21

Boxlike

Nucleus round

Answer 21

Cuboidal

Question 22

Tall, column shaped

Nucleus enlongated

Answer 22

Columnar cells

Question 23

Type of tissue
Cells flattened laterally
Cytoplasm sparse
Function where rapid diffusion is priority
Secrete lubricating substances in serosae
Location: kidney, air sacs of lungs,lining of heart, blood vessels, endothelium, mesothelium

Answer 23

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 24

The lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and heart

Answer 24

Endothelium

Question 25

The epithelium of serous membranes in the ventral body cavity

Answer 25

Mesothelium

Question 26

Type of tissue
Single layer of cells
Secretion
Absorption
Forms walls of smallest ducts of glands and many kidney tubules

Answer 26

Simple cuboidal epithelia

Question 27

Type of tissue
Single layer of tall, closely packed cells
Absorption
Secretion
Location: lines digestive tract, gallbladder, small bronchi, uterus

Answer 27

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 28

Type of tissue
Cells vary in height
Call nuclei at different levels
Appears stratified, is not
Secretion
Absorption
Location: males sperm carrying ducts, trachea and upper respiratory tract

Answer 28

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 29

Type of tissue
Two or more cell layers
Regenerate from below(basal cells divide and migrate to surface)
More durable than simple epithelium
Protection is major role
Location: esophagus, mouth, vagina, epidermis
Most widespread epithelia 
Located for wear and tear
Less viable

Answer 29

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 30

Type of tissue
Very rare 
Found in some sweat and mammary glands
Typically two cell layers thick
Function: protection
Location: largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands and salivary glands

Answer 30

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 31

Type of tissue
Limited distribution in body
Small amounts in pharynx, male urethra, and lining some glandular ducts
Occurs at transition areas between two other types of epithelia
Only apical layer columnar
Protection
Secretion

Answer 31

Stratified columnar epithelium

Question 32

Type of tissue
Forms lining of hollow urinary organs
Basal layer cells are cuboidal or columnar
Ability to change shape with stretch
Apical cells vary in appearance
Location: lines the ureters, urinary bladder and part of urethra

Answer 32

Transitional epithelium

Question 33

One or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous fluid

Answer 33

Gland

Question 34

Glandular epithelium classified by

Answer 34

site of product release(endocrine or exocrine) and relative number of cells forming the gland (unicellular or multicellular)

Question 35

Ductless gland
Secrete hormones that travel through lymph or blood to their specific target organs
Target organs respond in some characteristic way

Answer 35

Endocrine glands

Question 36

Secretions released onto body surfaces or into body cavities
More numerous than endocrine glands
Secrete products into ducts
Examples include mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands

Answer 36

Exocrine glands

Question 37

The important glands are mucous and goblet cells
Found in epithelial lining of intestinal and respiratory tracts
All produce mucin

Answer 37

Unicellular exocrine glands

Question 38

Composed of a duct and a secretary unit
Usually surrounded by supportive connective tissue( supplies blood and nerve fibers, extends into and divides gland into lobes)

Answer 38

Multicellular exocrine glands

Question 39

How are multicellular glands classified

Answer 39

Structure and type of secretion

Question 40

Most- secrete products by exocytosis as produced

Answer 40

Merocrine

Question 41

Accumulates products within then rupture

Answer 41

Holocrine

Question 42

Accumulates products within but only apex ruptures(controversy if exist in humans)

Answer 42

Apocrine