Ch 29 Assessment of the respiratory system

Question 1

Function of surfactant in the lungs

Answer 1

reduces alveoli surface tension and prevents atelectasis (collapse)

Question 2

Normal respiratory changes with aging

Answer 2

< alivoli surface, < elasticity, dilated alveoli and bronchioles, < cough ability

Question 3

What is the main sign of lung disease?

Answer 3

Cough

Question 4

What may pink frothy sputum indicate?

Answer 4

pulmonary edema

Question 5

What may rust colored sputum indicate?

Answer 5

pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 6

What may foul smelling sputum indicate?

Answer 6

lung abscess

Question 7

What may bloody sputum (hemoptysis) indicate?

Answer 7

chronic bronchitis, lung CA, TB, lung abscess, pulmonary infection

Question 8

Normal RBC

Answer 8

F: 4.2-5.4 Million
M: 7-6.1 Million

Question 9

Normal Hgb

Answer 9

F: 12-16
M: 14-18

Question 10

Normal Hct

Answer 10

F: 37-47%
M: 42-52%

Question 11

Normal WBC

Answer 11

5-10K

Question 12

Normal PaO2

Answer 12

80-100

Question 13

Normal PaCO2

Answer 13

35-45

Question 14

Normal pH

Answer 14

0-60 yo:7.35-7.45
60-90 yo: 7.31-7.41
> 90 yo: 7.26-7.43

Question 15

Normal Hco3

Answer 15

21-28

Question 16

Methemoglobinemia

Answer 16

condition caused by numbing throat with benzocaine causing reduced iron carrying and hypoxia

Question 17

S/Sx of pneumothorax

Answer 17

Pain that is worse at the end of inhalation and end of exhalation
Tachycardia
Rapid, shallow respiration
air hunger
Trachea slanted to unaffected side