10 Minute topic HIV Flashcards
Stages of HIV
Stage 1: Primary HIV infection
Stage 2: Chronic asymptomatic infection
Stage 3: AIDS
Stage 1: Primary HIV infection
manifestations occur in 2-4 weeks
Flu-like sx
rapid rise in viral load (increased CD8, decreased CD4+ cells)
Stage 2: chronic asymptomatic infection
may be asymptomatic for 10+ years
client makes anti-HIV antibodies
Viral load increases
Loss of immunity begins
Stage 3: AIDS
life threatening opportunistic infections
Client needs to remain up to date with vaccines including flu
Populations at risk for HIV
women due to mucous membranes in the vagina
post menopausal women have dry and thin mucous membranes in the vagina
Stage 1 diagnostics
no defining conditions
CD4, T lymphocyte count is 500 cells/mm3 or more
Stage 2 diagnostics
CD4, T lymphocyte count is between 200 and 499
Stage 3 diagnostics
CD4, T lymphocyte count is less than 200
CBC and differential with HIV
shows anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia
Platelets with HIV
<150,000 (low)
HAART therapy (Highly active antiretroviral therapy)
involves using three to four HIV medications in combination with other antiretroviral medications to reduce medication resistance, adverse effects, and dosages
HAART drug categories
Entry/ infusion inhibitors
NRTI’s (Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
NNRTIs (Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
Protease inhibitors
Antineoplastic medication
Entry/ infusion inhibitors
helps decrease of virus and limit spread
Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)
given SQ,
NRTI’s (Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
Zidovudine (Retrovir)
Interferes with the virus’s ability to convert RNA into DNA
NNRTIs (Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
Delvirdine (Rescriptor) and efavirenz (Sustiva)
Inhibit viral replication in cells
