ATI Ch 7 Parkinson's Flashcards
4 primary sx of parkinson’s
tremor, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability
How to tx parkinson’s
increase dopamine or decrease Ach
Parkinson’s stage 1
unilateral shaking or tremor of one limb, it can be very minimal, just a couple fingers to begin with
Parkinson’s stage 2
bilateral limb involvement, making walking and balance very difficult
Parkinson’s stage 3
the physical movement slow down significantly making walking more and more difficult
Parkinson’s stage 4
the tremors may slow down, but the akinesia and rigidity may make it difficult to achieve ADLs
Parkinson’s stage 5
the client is usually able to difficulty standing and walking and are dependent for all their care, they may also show signs of dementia
Parkinson’s statistics
usually males between 40-70 yo
genetic predisposition
possible risk from environmental toxins
Parkinson’s s/sx
tremors-pill rolling
mask like expression
bradykinesia/akinesia
orthostatic hypotension
Parkins diagnosis
no lab tests to confirm, done by s/sx
Medication time frame
can take weeks to see any result
PTs can have a weaning off phenomenon and may need a medication holiday
Dopaminergics
given PO, increase dopamine, used w/ other meds like carbadopa to decrease levodopa metabolism
Dopamine agonists ex
bromocriptine (Parlodel), ropinirole (Requip), and pramipexole (Mirapex),
Dopamine agonists function
activate the release of dopamine, can be used in conjunction w/ dopaminergic
Dopamine agonists nursing consideratios
Monitor for orthostatic hypotension, dyskinesias, and hallucinations