ATI Ch 6 Seizures

Question 1

Epilepsy

Answer 1

disorder of chronic reoccurring seizures

Question 2

Risk factors for seizures

Answer 2

genetics, acute fever, cerebral edema, metabolic disorder, hypoxia, fluid imbalance, CV disease

Question 3

Absence seizures transmission

Answer 3

tend to be genetic

Question 4

Febrile seizures population

Answer 4

seen mostly in infants under 2

Question 5

Seizures from head trauma timeframe

Answer 5

can occur up to 9 months after injury

Question 6

Cause of seizures in metabolic disorders

Answer 6

insufficient or excessive chemicals in the brain (hypoglycemia or hyponatremia)

Question 7

Seizure triggers

Answer 7

increased activity, fatigue, stress, ETOH, caffiene, chemical ingestion

Question 8

generalized/tonic-clonic seizure beginning

Answer 8

begins with an aura (can be a smell, vision or feeling)

Question 9

tonic episode description

Answer 9

lasts 15-20 sec, stiff muscles and loss of consciousness

possible irregular breathing or respiratory arrest

Question 10

Clonic episode description

Answer 10

1-2 min, rhythmic jerking, may bite tongue or be incontinent

Question 11

postictal phase

Answer 11

after the seizure

can be confused and sleepy

Question 12

Myoclonic seizure description

Answer 12

brief jerking or stiffening on one or both sides that last for a few seconds

Question 13

Atonic or akinetic seizure description

Answer 13

loss of muscle tone, PT will fall and be confused after the seizure

Question 14

complex partial seizure description

Answer 14

they are associated with automatisms (lip smacking, picking at clothes) that they are not aware of, possible LOC and amnesia

Question 15

Simple partial seizures description

Answer 15

conscious during, have unusual sensations (deja vu, flushing, HR change, pain) very hard to pinpoint

Question 16

unclassified/idiopathic seizures

Answer 16

dont fit into other categories, no known cause, account for 1/2 of seizures

Question 17

Lab test for seizures procedures

Answer 17

no caffiene 6-9 hours before, wash hair and leave clean, may be exposed to flash of deep breathing

Question 18

Therapeutic drug levels test

Answer 18

determined by blood test

Question 19

Anitiepileptic drug adverse effects

Answer 19

can cause gum overgrowth

allergic reaction can occur right away or months into tx

Question 20

Dilantin cautions

Answer 20

no oral contraceptives (decrease effectiveness), do not give w/ warfarin

Question 21

Surgical option for seizures

Answer 21

vagal nerve stimulator put into portion of brain w/ seizures

can have portion of the brain removed or interrupted

Question 22

Status Eplilepticus

Answer 22

seizure >30min, provide O2

Question 23

Dilantin IV

Answer 23

can not be mixed with any other med, must have own tubing and not piggybacked