Ch 21 Grammar

Question 1

What are the “the naughty nine”?

Answer 1

1. They are nine adjectives
2. They look like first and second declension adj. (in their lexical forms)
3. But in their genitives and datives are different

Question 2

“The naughty nine” decline like most 2-1-2 adj. in most cases. What word do “the naughty nine” decline like in the genitive and dative?

Answer 2

ille (go back to chapter 20 to review this far demonstrative “that”)

Question 3

What are the endings for “the naughty nine” in the genitive and dative?

Answer 3

Genitive singular: -ius
Dative singular: -ī

Question 4

What adj. in “the naughty nine” is extra naughty? And what is different?

Answer 4

1. alius, alia, aliud
2. It has an extra form in the genitive singular
3. alterīus
   (also the neuter nominative and accusative is alliud, instead of allium as might be expected)

Question 5

What is an easy way of remembering the “naughty nine”?

Answer 5

Using the acronym:
ūnus nauta

Question 6

What does ‘ūnus’ stand for in the acronym ūnus nauta stand for?

Answer 6

ūnus, nūllus, ūllus, sōlus

Question 7

What does ‘nauta’ stand for in the acronym ūnus nauta stand for?

Answer 7

neuter, alter, uter, tōtus, alius

Question 8

The verb volō, volle, voluī is irregular and has a different infinitive (second principle part) that does not produce the stem as normal; how is this verb conjugated in the present tense?

Answer 8

volō
vīs
vult

volumus
vultis
volunt

Question 9

How do you make the negative of volō?

Answer 9

nōn + volō which equals nōlō, nōlle, nōluī

Question 10

nōlō, nōlle, nōluī is a contraction of nōn + volō, but it is not consistent in its contraction; how is this verb conjugated in the present tense?

Answer 10

nōlō
nōn vīs
nōn vult

nōlumus
nōn vultis
nōlunt
(notice that the contraction only occurs in the first person singular and plural, and third person plural)

Question 11

How do you make a positive command when addressing one person?

Answer 11

1) remove the -re ending in the second principle part (the infinitive)

Question 12

How do you make a positive command when addressing more than one person?

Answer 12

1) remove the -re ending in the second principle part (the infinitive)
2) add -te

Question 13

What is the conjugation and give the singular and plural imperative for amō, amare

Answer 13

1st conjugation
amā
amāte

Question 14

What is the conjugation and give the singular and plural imperative for videō, vidēre

Answer 14

2nd conjugation
vidē
vidēte

Question 15

What is the conjugation and give the singular and plural imperative for mittō, mittere

Answer 15

3rd conjugation
mitte
mittite

Question 16

What is the conjugation and give the singular and plural imperative for capiō, capere

Answer 16

3rd -io conjugation
cape
capite

Question 17

How do you make a negative command in Latin?

Answer 17

1) Use the infinitive of the verb
2. plus the imperative form of nōlō, nōlle, nōluī (for example: nōlī vidēre “don’t look”; or “nōlīte vedēre “don’t look”; one has the imperative singular of nōlō, the other has the imperative plural of nōlō)

Question 18

Translate:
nōlī vidēre

Answer 18

“Do not look.”

Question 19

Translate:
nōlīte capere

Answer 19

“Do not seize.”