Ch 19 Grammar Flashcards
Give the paradigm for the first person personal pronouns, singular (I, me, mine, to me, for me)
ego
meī
mihi
mē
mē
Give the paradigm for the first person personal pronouns, plural (we, us, to us, ours, for us)
nōs
nostrī, nostrum
nōbīs
nōs
nōbīs
Give the paradigm for the second person personal pronouns, singular (you, yours, to you, for you)
tū
tuī
tibi
tē
tē
Give the paradigm for the second person personal pronouns, plural (you all, all yours, to you all, for you all)
vōs
vestrī, vestrum
vōbīs
vōs
vōbīs
What is a personal pronoun?
pronouns that specifically refer to a person or thing from the speaker’s point of view (example: I, we, you, they, them, us, it, their, its, etc.)
What components do first and second person personal pronouns have?
case and number
What components do third person personal pronouns have?
case, number, and gender
what are the English first person personal pronouns, both singular and plural
I
me
my
mine
we
us
our
What are the English second person personal pronouns both singular and plural
you
yours
What are the English third person personal pronouns both singular and plural
he, she, it
hers, his, its
him, her
they
them
their
The preposition “cum” can sometimes appear as a suffix for pronouns in the ablative case. So if you have the following prepositional phrases how could they also appear?
cum mē
cum nōbīs
mecum (“with me”)
nōbīscum (“with us”)
What are the four things that need to be remembered to memorize the entire third person personal pronoun paradigm (singular and plural)?
- Nominative singular: is, ea, id
- Genitive singular: ēius
- Dative singular: eī
- every other form has a ‘e-‘ prefixed onto the 2-1-2 case endings
Give the paradigm for the third person personal pronouns, masculine singular
is
ēius
eī
eum
eō
Give the paradigm for the third person personal pronouns, masculine plural
eī
eōrum
eīs
eōs
eīs
Give the paradigm for the third person personal pronouns, feminine singular
ea
ēius
eī
eam
eā
Give the paradigm for the third person personal pronouns, feminine plural
eae
eārum
eīs
eās
eīs
Give the paradigm for the third person personal pronouns, neuter singular
id
ēius
eī
id
eō
Give the paradigm for the third person personal pronouns, neuter plural
ea
eōrum
eīs
ea
eīs
Can the third person personal pronoun show possession?
Only if the pronoun is NOT referring to the subject
Do first and second person genitive personal pronouns show possession?
No (there are special possessive adjectives for possession)
When can third person personal genitive pronouns be used to show possession?
Only if the possession does NOT refer to the subject (for example: This is correct:
“The man holds her sword.” here “her” refers to someone else sword.
This is incorrect:
“The man holds his sword.” here “his” refers to his own sword.)
Since personal pronouns are included in the Latin personal endings, why would Latin use personal pronouns in the nominative case (acting as subjects of the verb)?
To show special emphasis of the person or thing doing the action of the verb
