Ch 16 Grammar Flashcards
How can you tell if a verb belongs to the subset of the third conjugation i-stem verbs?
The first person singular will end in -iō (remember these verbs will have the same infinitive and stem as other regular 3rd conjugation verbs)
Reminder, what vowel does the third conjugation stem end in?
e (short) [the first ends in -ā- and the second -ē-]
What happens to the stem vowel for third conjugation verbs in the -io subgroup in the present tense?
The weak ‘e’ stem vowel changes to an ‘i’ once the personal endings are added. (remember the extra ‘i’ for the -io group appears only in the first person singular and third person plural.
What is the conjugation for capiō, capere in the present tense?
capiō
capis
capit
capimus
capitis
capiunt
The imperfect and future tenses in the 3rd io conjugation are nearly identical to those you have already learned for the third conjugation, what is the only difference?
The only difference is that there is an extra ‘i’ that appears before the tense marker
What is the conjugation for capiō, capere in the imperfect tense?
capiēbam
capiēbās
capiēbat
bapiēbāmus
capiēbātis
capiēbant
What is the conjugation for capiō, capere in the future tense?
capiam
capiēs
capiet
capiēmus
capiētis
capient
What is the definition of mood?
indicates the attitude of the subject towards the action that takes place.
What is the indicative mood? And what is it used for?
- Indicates what is taking place.
- It is used for declarative and interrogative sentences.
What is the imperative mood?
Used to express commands
What person do imperative verbs almost always appear in?
second person
How is the imperative formed for second person singular?
It is just the stem of the verb
How is the imperative formed for the second person plural?
Take the stem of the verb and add -te
Give the singular and plural form of the imperative for the word amō
amā, amāte
Give the singular and plural form of the imperative for the word videō
vidē, vidēte
Give the singular and plural form of the imperative for the word mittō
mitte, mittite
Give the singular and plural form of the imperative for the word capiō
cape, capite
There are four abnormally formed imperative. How is dīcō, dīcere formed
dīc, dīcite
There are four abnormally formed imperative. How is dūcō, dūcere
dūc, dūcite
There are four abnormally formed imperative. How is faciō, facere
fac, facite
There are four abnormally formed imperative. How is ferō, ferre
fer, ferte
What is the little saying that will help you memorize the unusual imperatives?
dīc, dūc, fac, fer should have an ‘e,’ but the ‘e’ ain’t there!
What is the vocative?
It is the case of direct address
When is the vocative used?
When talking directly to someone or something
How do most declensions form the vocative?
Most declensions use the same form as the nominative
What are the exceptions for forming the vocative?
The only exceptions are for the second declension nouns ending in -us, or -ius
If a second declension nominative ends in -us, then the vocative will end in?
-e
If a second declension nominative ends in -ius, then the vocative will end in?
a solitary -ī (however, there are some -ius nouns that change the -us to an -e)
What is the vocative for the word fīlius?
fīlī
What is the vocative for the word discipulus?
discipule
Note: Review the following Latin paradigm
Ch 16_Latin Verb Forms_Imperatives
