Ch 17 Adaptive Immunity Flashcards
What is servoconversion?
The period of time during which HIV antibodies develop and become detectable. Lag time.
Draw each immunoglobulin class and give the function of each. IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE
DRAW EACH
IgG: enhances phagocytosis, most common in serum
IgM: fights agglutinating antigens, first to arrive
IgA: protects mucosal surfaces, most common overall
IgD: unknown
IgE: response to allergens and cause allergic reactions
How are parasitic cells, bacteria, and viruses killed?
Parasitic: WBC
Bacteria: Phagocytosis
Viruses: Antibody proteins
What are the two types of immunity?
Innate
Acquired
Describe acquired immunity
Specific for each antigen
Binds an foreign antibody
Kills by phagocytes and complement
Has memory
What is perforin?
A protein released by killer cells, that destroys targeted cells by creating pores in their membranes.
What are antigens made from?
High molecular weight proteins
How do B cells recognize an antigen?
By receptors on the surface
B cells are very specific
How is passive and active immunity acquired?
Passive: herd immunity
Active: exposure to microbes
What is opsonization?
Coating bacteria to make phagocytosis easier
What does anamnestic mean?
An enhanced reaction of the body’s immune system to an antigen that is related to an antigen previously encountered from a secondary immune system response.
What is interferon?
A protein released by animal cells that inhibits viral replication.
What is agglutination?
Antibodies that cause antigens to clump togehter.
What kind of cell is an Antigen-Presenting Cell (APC)?
B cells
What is gamma globulin for?
Is a substance made from human blood plasma. It contains antibodies that passively transfer immunity.
What is CD8?
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) bind to class I MHC protein.Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Cells kill nonself cells.
What is CD4?
Found on T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Cells kill nonself cells. MHC II cells.
What are Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC) cells?
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of cell surface proteins essential for acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules
What is blebing?
Apoptosis caused membrane bulging outward.
What is the third step of an antibody response?
Th cell recognizes B cell.
What cells are involved with tuberculin response to tuberculosis?
T cells
