Ch 01 The Microbial World Flashcards
When were the first microbes formed?
4.5 billion years ago
Define pathogenic
A term that describes viruses, bacteria, and other types of germs that can cause some kind of disease. The flu, various parasites, and athlete’s foot fungus are all considered to be pathogenic.
What products are from microorganisms?
Acetone Pickles Yogurt Cheese Bread Soy sauce Vitamin K Oxygen protection from other microbes
Name the microorganism types
Algae
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Vilrus
What is the name of the classification above Kingdom?
Domain
What are the three domains?
Archaea Bacteria Eukarya
Give examples of archaea, eubacteria, and eukarya
Archaea: prokarytic, no peptidoglycan on cell wall, halophiles and thermophiles
Eubacteria: prokarytic, rods, cocci, spiral, peptidoglycan on cell wall,
Eukarya: fungi, protozoa, uni/multicelluar, a/sexual, nucleus, organelles
What domain are algae in?
Eubacteria and eukarya
What domain are viruses in?
None as they may not be considered alive
What are characteristics of viruses?
Protein coat
Envelope
Nucleic acid
DNA/RNA
What domain are helminths are in?
Eukarya parasitic worms
What is a prion?
A small infectious agent thought to be the cause of encephalopathies.
What is Robert Hooke known for?
All living things are made of cells.
What is Anton van Leeuwenhoek know for?
First to observe microorganisms through the microscopes he built. Called them microorganisms animalcules.
What are the steps of the scientific method? Pretty Red Heads Eat Animal Crackers
Purpose Research Hypothesis Experiment Analysis Conclusion
What is Luis Pasteur known for?
- Microbes in the air can contaminate sterile solutions.
- S-curved tube allows air into sterile liquid and keeps out airborne microbes.
- Established a connection between spoilage and microbes.
- Why beer and wine sour.
When is the Golden Age of microbiology? By which scientists?
1857-1914 Pasteur and Koch
What is aseptic technique?
A method to prevent the introduction of microbes
What is Florence Nightingale known for?
Founded modern nursing
What is Heinrich Koch known for?
- The relationship between disease and microbes
- Koch’s Postulates - steps to relate a microbe to a disease
What is Ingaz Semmelweis known for?
Hint: Nosocomial sourced
Stating that doctors pass infections from one patient to another
What is Joseph Lister known for?
Hint: Listerine is named after Joseph Lister
Began treating wounds with phenol, a disinfectant
What is John Snow known for?
Father of epidemiology
What is Koch’s Postulates?
Steps that relate a specific microbe to a specific disease
