Ch 06 Microbial Growth

Question 1

What two things do all living things need?

Answer 1

Carbon

High energy electrons

Question 2

What does an autotroph use?

Answer 2

Uses CO2 as its energy source.

Question 3

What does a hetrotroph use?

Answer 3

Uses carbon as its energy source.

Question 4

What does a chemoheterotroph use?

Answer 4

Uses inorganic energy and carbon as its energy sources.

Question 5

What is a photohetrotroph?

Answer 5

Uses light and carbon as its energy source.

Question 6

What is a chemoautotroph?

Answer 6

Uses inorganic energy and carbon as its energy sources.

Question 7

What temperature do psychrophiles like?

Answer 7

0 - 20 degrees C.

Question 8

What temperature to mesophiles like?

Answer 8

20 - 40 degrees C.

Question 9

What temperature to thermophiles like?

Answer 9

40 - 60 degrees C.

Question 10

What pH do meutrophiles like?

Answer 10

7 pH.

Question 11

What pH do acidophiles like?

Answer 11

Below 4 pH.

Question 12

What pH do mold and yeast like?

Answer 12

Greater than 6 pH.

Question 13

What is hypertonic osmotic pressure?

Answer 13

Salty water causing the cell to shrink.

Question 14

Where inn a test tube, where do obligate aerobes grow?

Answer 14

Only on the top.

Aerobic

Question 15

Where inn a test tube, where do facultative anaerobes grow?

Answer 15

Mostly on top, but scatter throughout.

Aerobic/anaerobic

Question 16

Where inn a test tube, where do obligate anaerobes grow?

Answer 16

Only on the bottom.

Anerobic

Question 17

Where inn a test tube, where do aerotolerant anerobes grow?

Answer 17

Throughout

Anaerobic, but continues in presence of O2

Question 18

Where inn a test tube, where do micoaerophiles grow?

Answer 18

In the middle, where some O2 has diffused.

Anaerobic, O2 required in specific low amounts.

Question 19

What is superoxide dismutase?

Answer 19

An enzyme that alternately catalyzes the superoxide (O2−) radical into either ordinary molecular oxygen (O2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Question 20

What is a +/- of oxygen?

Answer 20

+ great electron acceptor

- causes free radical damage

Question 21

What is a halophile?

Answer 21

Salt loving microbe

Question 22

What is a biofilm?

Answer 22

A thin layer of microbes, in/organic.

Question 23

What is quorum sensing?

Answer 23

Molecular communication, expression of genes.

Question 24

What is a culture medium?

Answer 24

A solid or gas designed to support the growth of microorganisms.

Question 25

What is an inoculum?

Answer 25

A substance used for inoculation.

Question 26

What does sterile mean?

Answer 26

Free of bacteria.

Question 27

What does agar mean?

Answer 27

A gel from red seaweed used in culture media.

Question 28

What is a chemically defined media?

Answer 28

One that the chemistry is known.

Question 29

What is a complex medium?

Answer 29

One that the chemical composition is not known.

Question 30

Name two bacteria that can only grow in other bacteria.

Answer 30

Chlamydia and capnophiles.

Question 31

What is meant by selective media?

Answer 31

Suppresses growth of unwanted microbes.

Question 32

What is meant by differential media?

Answer 32

Used to distinguish between colonies of microbes.

Question 33

How to preserve microbes?

Answer 33

Refrigerate
Deep freeze
Lyophilization freeze dry

Question 34

What are the differences between bacteria and fungi?

Answer 34

Bacteria has no:
Nuclei
Microorganelles

Question 35

How is AIDS defined?

Answer 35

T-lymphocytes

Question 36

What is lyophilization?

Answer 36

Freeze-drying

Question 37

What physical method of controlling microbe growth causes oxidation?

Answer 37

Hot air sterilization.

Question 38

What is plasmolysis?

Answer 38

Removing water from a hypertonic solution.