Ch 06 Microbial Growth Flashcards
What two things do all living things need?
Carbon
High energy electrons
What does an autotroph use?
Uses CO2 as its energy source.
What does a hetrotroph use?
Uses carbon as its energy source.
What does a chemoheterotroph use?
Uses inorganic energy and carbon as its energy sources.
What is a photohetrotroph?
Uses light and carbon as its energy source.
What is a chemoautotroph?
Uses inorganic energy and carbon as its energy sources.
What temperature do psychrophiles like?
0 - 20 degrees C.
What temperature to mesophiles like?
20 - 40 degrees C.
What temperature to thermophiles like?
40 - 60 degrees C.
What pH do meutrophiles like?
7 pH.
What pH do acidophiles like?
Below 4 pH.
What pH do mold and yeast like?
Greater than 6 pH.
What is hypertonic osmotic pressure?
Salty water causing the cell to shrink.
Where inn a test tube, where do obligate aerobes grow?
Only on the top.
Aerobic
Where inn a test tube, where do facultative anaerobes grow?
Mostly on top, but scatter throughout.
Aerobic/anaerobic
Where inn a test tube, where do obligate anaerobes grow?
Only on the bottom.
Anerobic
Where inn a test tube, where do aerotolerant anerobes grow?
Throughout
Anaerobic, but continues in presence of O2
Where inn a test tube, where do micoaerophiles grow?
In the middle, where some O2 has diffused.
Anaerobic, O2 required in specific low amounts.
What is superoxide dismutase?
An enzyme that alternately catalyzes the superoxide (O2−) radical into either ordinary molecular oxygen (O2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
What is a +/- of oxygen?
+ great electron acceptor
- causes free radical damage
What is a halophile?
Salt loving microbe
What is a biofilm?
A thin layer of microbes, in/organic.
What is quorum sensing?
Molecular communication, expression of genes.
What is a culture medium?
A solid or gas designed to support the growth of microorganisms.
What is an inoculum?
A substance used for inoculation.
What does sterile mean?
Free of bacteria.
What does agar mean?
A gel from red seaweed used in culture media.
What is a chemically defined media?
One that the chemistry is known.
What is a complex medium?
One that the chemical composition is not known.
Name two bacteria that can only grow in other bacteria.
Chlamydia and capnophiles.
What is meant by selective media?
Suppresses growth of unwanted microbes.
What is meant by differential media?
Used to distinguish between colonies of microbes.
How to preserve microbes?
Refrigerate
Deep freeze
Lyophilization freeze dry
What are the differences between bacteria and fungi?
Bacteria has no:
Nuclei
Microorganelles
How is AIDS defined?
T-lymphocytes
What is lyophilization?
Freeze-drying
What physical method of controlling microbe growth causes oxidation?
Hot air sterilization.
What is plasmolysis?
Removing water from a hypertonic solution.
