Ch. 1 EMS System Flashcards
Alternative time sampling
Time parameters that are set during a research project
Blinding
The method of not giving the specifics of a project to the people participating in a research or study
Case study
A type of research in which a single case is investigated and documented over a period of time
Certification
a process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care.
Cohort research
A type of research that examines patterns of change, a sequence of events, or trends over time which in a certain population of study subjects.
Commission on Accreditation for Pre-Hospital Continuing Education (CAPCE)
Organization that sets the education and accreditation standards for prehospital providers.
Continuous quality improvement
System of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system.
Convenience sampling
The least preferred component of research
Research in which subjects are manually assigned to a specific person or crew
Cross sectional design
When all data at one point in time is collected
Descriptive
Format in which an observation of an event is made without any attempts to change it.
Emergency Medical Service (EMS)
Health care system designed to bring immediate on scene care to those in need along with transport to a definitive medical care facility
Ethical
A behavior expected by a person or group following a set of rules.
Evidence based practice
The use of practices that have been proven to be effective in improving patient outcomes.
Health care professional
A person who follows specific professional attributes that are outlined in this profession.
Inferential
A research format that uses a hypothesis to prove one finding from another
Institutional review board (IRB)
Institution that follows a set requirements for review that were devised by the US Public Health Service.
Licensure
Process where a state allows qualified people to perform a regulated act.
Literature review
Form of research in which the existing literature is reviewed, and the researcher analyzes the collection of research to draw a conclusion.
Longitudinal design
data collection method in which information is collected at various set time intervals, and not just at one time.
Medical direction
Direction given to an EMS system or provider by a physician.
Mobile intensive care units (MICUs)
An early title given to an ambulance-style unit
Off-line (indirect) medical control
Medical direction given through a set of protocols, policies, and/or standards.
Online (direct) medical control
Medical direction given in real time to an EMS service or provider.
Parameters
Outline measures that may be difficult to obtain in a research project.
Peer review
Process used by medical magazines, journals, and other publications to ensure the quality and validity of an article before it is published,
And which involves sending the article to subject matter experts for review of the content and research methods.
Profession
A specialized set of knowledge, skills, and/or expertise
Prospective research
A type of research that gathers information as events occur in real time
Protocol
A treatment plan developed for a specific illness or injury
Qualitative
A type of descriptive statistic in research that does not use numeric information.
Quality control
Responsibility of the medical director to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMS personnel on each call
Quantitative
A type of measurement in research that uses a mean, median, and mode.
Reciprocity
Process of granting licensure or certification to a provider from another state or agency.
Registration
Providing information to an entity that stores it in some form of record book.
In EMS, records of education, state or local licensure, and recertification are held by a recognized board.
Research agenda
Specific questions that a study aims to answer, and the precise methods in which the data will be gathered
Research consortium
A group of agencies working together to study a particular topic
Research domain
The area (clinical, basic science, systems, or education) that will be impacted by a study.
Retrospective research
Research performed from current available information
Safety culture
A system of beliefs and practices that:
1- acknowledge that organizations engage in high risk activities
2- determine the importance of consistent safe operations to counteract these activities
3- support a blame free environment where errors can be reported without fear of punishment
4- maintain organizational commitment to address reported errors and safety concerns
Sampling errors
Expected errors that occur in the sampling phase of research
Standard deviation
A measure of the range of scores in a set of data relative to the mean score.
Standing order
A type of protocol that is a written document signed by the EMS system’s medical director that outlines specific directions, permissions, and sometimes prohibitions regarding patient care that is rendered prior to contacting medical control.
Systematic sampling
A computer- generated list of subjects or groups for research
Trauma systems
The collaboration of prehospital and in-hospital medicine that focuses on optimizing the use of resources and assets of each which a primary goal of reducing the mortality and morbidity of trauma patients.
Unblinded study
A type of study in which the subjects are advised of all aspects of the study.
