Ch 1: Basic Elements Of A Medical Word Flashcards
Latin roots describe:
anatomical structures
Greek roots describe:
a disease, condition, treatment, or diagnosis
A word root is:
the foundation of a medical term and contains its primary meaning.
A medical word consists of some or all of the following elements:
- word root
- combining form
- suffix
- prefix
Identify word root in term: dermat/itis
dermat/
A combining form is:
created when a word root is combined with a vowel.
A combining vowel is usually:
an o but is sometimes an i.
A suffix is:
a word element placed at the end of a word that alters its meaning.
A suffix usually describes:
a pathology (disease or abnormality), symptom, surgical or diagnostic procedure, or part of speech.
A prefix is:
a word element attached to the beginning of a word or word root.
All medical terms have a: (prefix/suffix)
suffix
Prefixes usually indicate:
a number, time, position, direction, or negation.
3 steps for defining medical words:
- Step 1. Define the suffix
- Step 2. Define the first part of the word (which may be a word root, combining form, or prefix).
- Step 3. Define the middle parts of the word.
Define gastr/o/enter/itis using 3 steps:
- Step 1. suffix = inflammation
- Step 2. combining form = stomach
- Step 3. word root enter = intestine
Inflammation of stomach and intestine.
Rule 1
A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
Rule 2
A combining form (root + o) links a suffix that begins with a consonant.
Rule 3
A combining form links one root to another root to form a compound word, even if the second root begins with a vowel.
The four elements used to form words are:
word root or root, combining form, suffix, and prefix.
A root is the main part or foundation of a word. In the words arthritis, arthrectomy, and arthroscope, the root is
arthr
A combining vowel is usually an e. (ture/false)
false - it’s usually an o but sometimes an i.
A word root links a suffix that begins with a consonant. (true/false)
false
A combining form links multiple roots to each other. (true/false)
true
A combining form links a suffix that begins with a consonant. (true/false)
true
To define a medical word, first define the prefix. (true/false)
false - first define the suffix
In the term intramuscular, intra is the prefix. (true/false)
true
The diacritical mark - is called a (breve, macron).
macron
The diacritical mark ˘ is called a (breve, macron).
breve
The - indicates the (short, long) sound of vowels.
long
The ˘ indicates the (short, long) sound of vowels.
short
The combination ch is sometimes pronounced like (k, chiy). Examples are cholesterol, cholemia.
k
When pn is at the beginning of a word, it is pronounced only with the sound of (p, n). Examples are pneumonia, pneumotoxin.
n
When pn is in the middle of a word, the p (is, is not) pronounced. Examples are orthopnea, hyperpnea.
is
When i is at the end of a word, it is pronounced like (eye, ee). Examples are bronchi, fungi, nuclei.
eye
For ae and oe, only the (first, second) vowel is pronounced. Examples are bursae, pleurae.
second
When e and es form the final letter or letters of a word, they are commonly pronounced as (combined, separate) syllables. Examples are syncope, systole, nares.
separate
Use 3 steps to define gastritis:
inflammation of the stomach
Use 3 steps to define nephritis:
inflammation of the kidney(s)
Use 3 steps to define gastrectomy:
excision of the stomach
Use 3 steps to define osteoma:
tumor of bone
Use 3 steps to define hepatoma:
tumor of liver
Use 3 steps to define hepatitis:
inflammation of the liver
Which rule applies to: arthr/itis
1 Word root (WR) links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
Which rule applies to: scler/osis
1 WR links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
Which rule applies to: arthr/o/centesis
2 Combining form (CF) links a suffix that begins with a consonant.
Which rule applies to: colon/o/scope
2 CF links a suffix that begins with a consonant.
Which rule(s) apply to: oste/o/chondr/itis
3, 1 CF links multiple roots to each other. This rule holds true even if the next word root begins with a vowel.
Which rule(s) apply to: oste/o/arthr/itis
3, 1 CF links multiple roots to each other. This rule holds true even if the next word root begins with a vowel. WR links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
