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Gross Anatomy III > Celiac Trunk & Associated Viscera cont. > Flashcards

Celiac Trunk & Associated Viscera cont. Flashcards

Covers the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen

1
Q

What is the largest gland and second largest organ?

A

Liver

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2
Q

Which organ processes nutrients absorbed in gastrointestinal tact?

A

Liver

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3
Q

Which organ produces bile?

A

Liver

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4
Q

Where is the liver?

A

Right upper quadrant, deep to ribs 7-11

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5
Q

What surfaces can be named on the liver?

A

Diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces

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6
Q

What are the four lobes of the liver?

A
  • Right lobe
  • Left lobe
  • Caudate lobe
  • Quadrate lobe
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7
Q

Where is the caudate lobe of the liver?

A

Between IVC and porta hepatis
Caudate process connects right and caudate lobes

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8
Q

What are the fissures of the liver?

A

Right and left

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9
Q

What is the falciform ligament?

A

Divides right and left lobes of liver from the ventral mesentery

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10
Q

The round ligament of the liver (aka…) is a remnant of…

A

(aka ligamentum teres hepatis)
is a remnant of the umbilical vein

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11
Q

Where is the coronary ligament?

A

Surrounds the bare area of liver

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12
Q

The coronary ligament has what two portions?

A

Anterior and posterior

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13
Q

What ligament is found between the anterior and posterior coronary ligaments?

A

Right triangular ligament

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14
Q

What ligament can be found left to the falciform ligament?

A

Left triangular ligament

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15
Q

The fissure for ligamentum venosum is a remnant of…

A

ductus venosus in the liver

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16
Q

Where does the inferior vena cava sit on the liver?

A

Groove for vena cava

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17
Q

Where does the gallbladder sit on the liver?

A

Fossa for gallbladder

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18
Q

Where is the portal triad of the liver contained?

A

Contained within hepatoduodenal ligament

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19
Q

What are the contents of the portal triad of the liver?

A
  • Bile duct (anterior and right)
  • Proper hepatic artery and branches
  • Portal vein (posterior)
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20
Q

Which veins drain the liver?

A
  • Portal (hepatic portal) vein
  • Right, intermediate, and left hepatic veins
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21
Q

Which vein draining the liver is most nutrient-rich?

A

Portal vein

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22
Q

Where is the portal vein in relation to the pancreas?

A

Posterior to the neck of the pancreas

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23
Q

The portal vein is the confluence of which other veins?

A
  • Superior mesenteric vein
  • Splenic vein
  • (also inferior mesenteric vein)
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24
Q

The hepatic artery starts as the proper hepatic artery and splits into…

A

Right and left hepatic arteries

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25
Q

The hepatic veins (right, intermediate, and left) drain into…

A

inferior vena cava

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26
Q

25-50% of lymph entering the thoracic duct comes from…

A

the liver

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27
Q

Innervation of the liver comes from…

A

the hepatic plexus

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28
Q

What is the hepatic plexus derivative of?

A

Celiac plexus

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29
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the liver?

A

Anterior and posterior vagal trunk

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30
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the liver?

A

Greater splanchnic nerves

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31
Q

Where is the hepatic plexus?

A

Surrounds hepatic artery

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32
Q

The right and left hepatic ducts join to form…

A

common hepatic duct (bile)

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33
Q

What is the purpose of the cystic duct?

A

Communicates to gallbladder for bile transport

34
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

Stores and concentrates bile (holds 50ml)

35
Q

What are the portions of the gallbladder?

A

Fundus, body, neck

36
Q

gallbladder

What structure can be found between the neck and the cystic duct?

A

Spiral fold (valve)

37
Q

What artery supplies the gallbladder?

A

Cystic artery

38
Q

The cystic artery supplying the gallbladder is a branch of…

A

right hepatic artery

39
Q

Which vein drains the gallbladder? Where will it run to?

A

Cystic vein to hepatic portal vein

40
Q

Lymph drainage from the gallbladder goes to…

A

celiac lymph nodes

41
Q

What is the innervation of the gallbladder?

A

Celiac plexus

42
Q

The bile duct and pancreatic duct form the…

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

43
Q

The hepatopancreatic ampulla enters the duodenum through the…

A

major duodenal papilla (sphincter of Oddi)

44
Q

Where is the pancreas in relation to the peritoneum?

A

Secondarily retroperitoneal

45
Q

Where is the pancreas in relation to the spine?

A

Lies transversely across L1-L2 (at level of transpyloric plane)

46
Q

Where is the pancreas in relation to other organs?

A

Posterior to stomach, between duodenum (right) and spleen (left)

47
Q

The exocrine gland of the pancreas holds…

A

pancreatic juice

48
Q

The endocrine gland of the pancreas holds…

A

insulin and glucagon

49
Q

Where is the head of the pancreas in relation to the duodenum and surrounding blood vessels?

A

Encircled by C-shape of duodenum; right of superior mesenteric vessels

50
Q

Where is the uncinate process of the pancreas?

A

Projection inferior to head and posterior to superior mesenteric artery

51
Q

Where is the neck of the pancreas in relation to blood supply?

A

Anterior to superior mesenteric vessels

52
Q

Where is the body of the pancreas?

A

Passes over aorta and L2

53
Q

Where is the tail of the pancreas?

A

Anterior to left kidney, close to splenic hilum and left colic flexure

54
Q

Describe the path of the main pancreatic duct

A
  • Runs from tail to head
  • Joins bile duct at hepatopancreatic ampulla
  • Opens into duodenum at major duodenal papilla
55
Q

The accessory pancreatic duct opens at…

A

minor duodenal papilla

56
Q

What is the blood supply of the pancreas?

A
  • Splenic artery branches
  • Superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
  • Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries (SMA branch)
57
Q

Venous drainage of the pancreas goes to…

A

splenic vein

58
Q

Lymph drainage of the pancreas goes into…

A

superior mesenteric nodes or celiac nodes

59
Q

What innervates the pancreas?

A

Superior mesenteric plexus and celiac plexus

60
Q

What is the largest lymphatic organ?

A

Spleen

61
Q

What are some functions of the spleen?

A
  • Lymphocyte proliferation
  • Immune surveillance
  • RBC removal and destruction and recycling
  • Blood reservoir
62
Q

Where is the spleen?

A

Upper left quadrant, rests on left colic flexure, left 9-11 ribs

63
Q

The spleen is surrounded by connective tissue called…

A

splenic capsule

64
Q

What is contained in the splenic hilum?

A

Splenic artery and vein

65
Q

Besides blood and lymph, what are some features of the inside of the spleen?

A
  • Trabeculae
  • White and red splenic pulp
66
Q

The gastrosplenic ligament is a continuation of…

A

greater omentum

67
Q

The gastrosplenic ligament connects…

A

stomach to spleen

68
Q

What is contained in the gastrosplenic ligament?

A

Short gastric and left gastro-omental vessels

69
Q

The splenorenal (lienorenal) ligament connects…

A

spleen to left kidney

70
Q

What is contained in the splenorenal ligament?

A

Splenic artery

71
Q

Where is the splenic artery found in the spleen?

A

Within splenorenal ligament

72
Q

What is the largest artery of the celiac trunk?

A

Splenic artery

73
Q

What artery supplies the spleen?

A

Splenic artery

74
Q

Which artery is tortuous and runs posterior to omental bursa (lesser sac) along superior border of pancreas?

A

Splenic artery

75
Q

What vein drains the spleen?

A

Splenic vein

76
Q

What vein will usually terminate upon reaching the splenic vein?

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

77
Q

The splenic vein joins with… to form…

A

joins with superior mesenteric vein to form hepatic portal vein

78
Q

Lymph drainage from the spleen goes to… via…

A

goes to celiac lymph nodes via pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes

79
Q

What innervates the spleen?

A

Celiac plexus

80
Q

The lower end of the common bile duct enters…

A

the second part of the duodenum

Gross Anatomy III (19 decks)

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