C5.5 - Salts from insoluble bases Flashcards
Where do acids and bases play an important part?
- Acids
- Bases
play an important part inside all living things
How have you probably neutralised acids in your mouth today?
You have probably neutralised acids in your mouth today, when you brushed your teeth with toothpaste
Example of an alkali when neutralised acids
An example of an alkali when neutralising acids is sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH (aq)
What are alkalis part of?
Alkalis are part of a larger class of compounds called bases
Alkalis are part of a larger class of compounds called bases. Bases
Bases are compounds that can neutralise acids
Bases are compounds that can neutralise acids.
What bases are alkalis?
Alkalis are those bases that are soluble in water
What are many bases?
Many bases are metal oxides
What happens when you react an acid with a base?
When you react an acid with a base:
1. A salt
2. Water
are formed
Neutralisation
Neutralisation is the chemical reaction of an acid with a base in which:
- A salt
- Water are formed
The general equation which describes neutralisation
The general equation which describes neutralisation is:
Acid + Base —> A salt + Water
Example of the oxide of a transition metal
An example of the oxide of a transition metal is iron(III) oxide
What are salts made up of?
Salts are made up of:
- Positive metal ions, or ammonium ions, NH4+
- A negative ion from an acid
The chemical formula for ammonium ions
Ammonium ions are NH4+
Salts are made up of positive metal ions, or ammonium ions, NH4+ and a negative ion from an acid.
Where do the positive ions come from?
The positive ions come from a: 1. Metal 2. Base Or, 2. Carbonate
Salts are made up of positive metal ions, or ammonium ions, NH4+ and a negative ion from an acid.
The positive ions come from a metal, a base or a carbonate.
A carbonate reacts with an acid to form what?
A carbonate reacts with an acid to form:
- A salt
- Water
- Carbon dioxide gas
What do salts have, like all ionic compounds?
Like all ionic compounds, salts have no overall charge
The charges on ions of group 1 metals
The charges on ions of group 1 metals are +1
The charges on ions of group 2 metals
The charges on ions of group 2 metals are +2
The charge on an aluminium ion
The charge on an aluminium ion is +3
The charge on an ammonium ion
The charge on an ammonium ion is +1
The charges on ions of group 7 non-metals
The charges on ions of group 7 non-metals are -1
The charge on a nitrate ion
The charge on a nitrate ion is -1
The charge on a sulfate ion
The charge on a sulfate ion is -2
Alkalis are those bases that are soluble in water, such as what?
Alkalis are those bases that are soluble in water, such as the hydroxides of group 1 metals
Many bases are metal oxides, such as what?
Many bases are metal oxides, such as:
1. Sodium oxide
Or,
2. Copper oxide
Neutralisation is the chemical reaction of an acid with a base in which a salt and water are formed.
If the base is a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, then what?
If the base is a: 1. Carbonate Or, 2. Hydrogen carbonate ,carbon dioxide is also produced in the reaction
Like all ionic compounds, salts have no overall charge, as the sum of the charges on their ions equals what?
Like all ionic compounds, salts have no overall charge, as the sum of the charges on their ions equals 0
