C3.4 - Giant ionic structures Flashcards
What does an ionic compound consist of?
An ionic compound consists of a giant structure of ions arranged in a lattice
An ionic compound consists of a giant structure of ions arranged in a lattice.
What does the attractive electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions do?
The attractive electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions:
- Act in all directions
- Are very strong
An ionic compound consists of a giant structure of ions arranged in a lattice.
The attractive electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions act in all directions and are very strong.
What does this do?
The attractive electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions holds the ions in the lattice together very tightly
What does it take to break up a giant ionic lattice?
It takes a lot of energy to break up a giant ionic lattice
Why does it take a lot of energy to break up a giant ionic lattice?
It takes a lot of energy to break up a giant ionic lattice, because there are lots of strong ionic bonds to break
It takes a lot of energy to break up a giant ionic lattice, because there are lots of strong ionic bonds to break.
To separate the ions, you have to overcome all those electrostatic forces of attraction acting in all directions.
What does this mean?
This means that ionic compounds have high:
- Melting points
- Boiling points
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become what?
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile and so can what?
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile and so can start to move around
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile so can start to move around.
This is when the ionic solid melts and becomes a liquid. What can the ions do in this liquid?
The ions are free to move anywhere in this liquid
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile so can start to move around.
This is when the ionic solid melts and becomes a liquid.
The ions are free to move anywhere in this liquid.
What are they attracted to?
The ions are attracted to oppositely charged electrodes held in the molten compound
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile so can start to move around.
This is when the ionic solid melts and becomes a liquid.
The ions are free to move anywhere in this liquid.
They are attracted to oppositely charged electrodes held in the molten compound.
Therefore, what can they do?
Therefore, they can carry their electrical charge through the liquid
Why can a solid ionic compound not conduct electricity?
A solid ionic compound cannot conduct electricity, because its ions are held in fixed positions in the lattice
What can the ions in a solid ionic compound do?
The ions in a solid ionic compound:
- Cannot move around
- Can only vibrate ‘on the spot’
Why will a molten ionic compound conduct electricity?
A molten ionic compound will conduct electricity, because the ions:
- Are mobile
- Can carry an electrical charge
What does the regular arrangement of ions in the giant lattice result in ionic compounds forming?
The regular arrangement of ions in the giant lattice results in ionic compounds forming crystals
Many, but not all, ionic compounds will what?
Many, but not all, ionic compounds will dissolve in water
What happens when an ionic compound is dissolved in water?
When an ionic compound is dissolved in water, the lattice is split up by the water molecules
When an ionic compound is dissolved in water, the lattice is split up by the water molecules.
Then, what can the ions do?
Then, the ions are free to move around within the solution formed
When an ionic compound is dissolved in water, the lattice is split up by the water molecules.
Then, the ions are free to move around within the solution formed.
What can they carry?
The ions can carry their charge to oppositely charged electrodes in the solution
What will solutions of ionic compounds do, just as molten ionic compounds will?
Just as molten ionic compounds will conduct electricity, solutions of ionic compounds will also conduct electricity
Why is it that just as molten ionic compounds will conduct electricity, solutions of ionic compounds will also conduct electricity?
Just as molten ionic compounds will conduct electricity, solutions of ionic compounds will also conduct electricity, because the ions are able to move to an oppositely charged electrode dipped in the solution
What are the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between ions in a giant ionic lattice called?
The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between ions in a giant ionic lattice are called ionic bonds
What does every ionic compound have?
Every ionic compound has a giant structure
Every ionic compound has a giant structure.
What are the oppositely charged ions in these structures held together by?
The oppositely charged ions in these structures are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction
Every ionic compound has a giant structure.
The oppositely charged ions in these structures are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction.
What do these do?
These act in all directions in the giant lattice
In an ionic solid, ions are what in a giant lattice?
In an ionic solid, ions are fixed in position in a giant lattice
In a molten ionic compound, the high temperature provides enough energy to do what?
In a molten ionic compound, the high temperature provides enough energy to overcome the many strong attractive forces between ions
In an ionic compound in solution, water molecules do what?
In an ionic compound in solution, water molecules separate ions from the lattice
It takes a lot of energy to break up a giant ionic lattice, because there are lots of strong ionic bonds to break.
To separate the ions, you have to do what?
To separate the ions, you have to overcome all those electrostatic forces of attraction acting in all directions
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile and so can what?
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile and so can start to move around
Once you have supplied enough energy to separate the ions from the ionic lattice, they become mobile so can start to move around.
This is when what?
This is when the ionic solid melts and becomes a liquid
Every ionic compound has a giant structure.
The oppositely charged ions in these structures are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction.
These act in all directions in the giant lattice, resulting in what?
These act in all directions in the giant lattice, resulting in relatively high melting points
In an ionic solid, ions are fixed in position in a giant lattice.
They what, but cannot what?
The ions vibrate but cannot move around
An ionic solid does not what?
An ionic solid does not conduct electricity
Ions are what within a molten ionic compound?
Ions are free to move around within a molten compound
A molten ionic compound does conduct what?
A molten ionic compound does conduct electricity
In an ionic compound in solution, water molecules separate ions from the lattice.
Ions are what within the solution?
Ions are free to move around within the solution
An ionic compound in solution does what?
An ionic compound in solution does conduct electricity
