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GCSE Chemistry COPY > C5.1 - The reactivity series > Flashcards

C5.1 - The reactivity series Flashcards

1
Q

What are metals in all our lives?

A

Metals are important in all our lives

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2
Q

Metals are important in all our lives.

Example

A

For example, in transport, metals are used to make:

  1. Bicycles
  2. Cars
  3. Ships
  4. Trains
  5. Aeroplanes
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3
Q

Ore

A

An ore is a rock which contains enough metal to make it economically worthwhile to extract the metal

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4
Q

How can metals now be extracted from rock that was once thought of as waste?

A

Metals can now be extracted from rock that was once thought of as waste with new techniques

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5
Q

What are most metals in ores?

A

Most metals in ores are chemically bonded to other elements in compounds

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6
Q

Most metals in ores are chemically bonded to other elements in compounds.
Many of these metals have been what?

A

Many of these metals have been oxidised (have oxygen added) by oxygen in their air to form their oxides

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7
Q

Most metals in ores are chemically bonded to other elements in compounds.
Many of these metals have been oxidised (have oxygen added) by oxygen in their air to form their oxides.
Example

A

For example:
Iron + Oxygen –> Iron (III) oxide
4Fe (s) + 3O2 (g) —> 2Fe2O3 (s)

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8
Q

Most metals in ores are chemically bonded to other elements in compounds.
Many of these metals have been oxidised (have oxygen added) by oxygen in their air to form their oxides.
So what must happen, to extract the metals from their oxides?

A

To extract the metals from their oxides, the metal oxide must be reduced (have oxygen removed)

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9
Q

The reactivity series

A

The reactivity series is a list of elements in order of their reactivity, with the:

  1. Most reactive metals at the top
  2. Least reactive ones at the bottom
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10
Q

How can you start putting the metals in order of reactivity?

A

You can start putting the metals in order of reactivity by looking at their reactions with water

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11
Q

You can start putting the metals in order of reactivity by looking at their reactions with water.
How do most metals react with water?

A

Most metals do not react vigorously with water

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12
Q

You can start putting the metals in order of reactivity by looking at their reactions with water.
Most metals do not react vigorously with water.
Why can metals such as copper be used to make water pipes?

A

Metals such as copper can be used to make water pipes, because copper does not react at all with water

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13
Q

You can start putting the metals in order of reactivity by looking at their reactions with water.
Most metals do not react vigorously with water.
However, what is there a great range in?

A

There is a great range in reactivity between different metals

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14
Q

You can start putting the metals in order of reactivity by looking at their reactions with water.
Most metals do not react vigorously with water.
However, there is a great range in reactivity between different metals.
Example

A

For example, the alkali metals in group 1 react vigorously with water:

  1. Giving off hydrogen gas
  2. Leaving alkaline solutions
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15
Q

Metals are important materials in what?

A

Metals are important materials in transportation

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16
Q

Where does magnesium lie in the reactivity series?

A

Magnesium lies somewhere between:
1. Lithium
2. Copper
in the reactivity series

17
Q

What happens if magnesium is left in a beaker of water?

A

If magnesium is left in a beaker of water, it takes several days to collect enough gas to test with a lighted spill

18
Q

You can use your observations of the reactions with metals and water to place the metals into an order of reactivity.
However, when the reactions are very slow, what can you look at to arrive at an order of reactivity?

A

When the reactions are very slow, you can look at their reactions with dilute acid to arrive at an order of reactivity

19
Q

Why will aluminium not react with water or dilute acid?

A 
Aluminium will not react with:
1. Water
Or,
2. Dilute acid
,because it is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide
20
Q

Why can aluminium be used outside, for example in sliding patio doors, without corroding, even though it is a fairly reactive metal?

A

Even though aluminium is a fairly reactive metal, aluminium can be used outside, for example in sliding patio doors, without corroding, because it is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide

21
Q

Describe potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium’s reaction with water

A

Potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium’s reaction with water is:

  1. Fizzing
  2. Giving off hydrogen gas
  3. Leaving an alkaline solution of metal hydroxide
22
Q

Describe magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron’s reaction with water

A
  1. Magnesium
  2. Aluminium
  3. Zinc
  4. Iron
    ‘s reaction with water is a very slow reaction
23
Q

Describe tin and lead’s reaction with water

A
  1. Tin
  2. Lead
    ‘s reaction with water is a slight reaction with steam
24
Q

Describe copper, silver and gold’s reaction with water

A
  1. Copper
  2. Silver
  3. Gold
    ‘s reaction with water is no reaction, even with steam
25
Q

Describe potassium, sodium and lithium’s reaction with dilute acid

A
  1. Potassium
  2. Sodium
  3. Lithium
    ‘s reaction with dilute acid is an explosion
26
Q

Describe calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron’s reaction with dilute acid

A

Calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron’s reaction with dilute acid is:

  1. Fizzing
  2. Giving off hydrogen gas
  3. Forming a salt
27
Q

Describe tin and lead’s reaction with dilute acid

A
  1. Tin
  2. Lead
    ‘s reaction with dilute acid is a slow reaction, with warm acid
28
Q

Describe copper, silver and gold’s reaction with dilute acid

A
  1. Copper
  2. Silver
  3. Gold
    ‘s reaction with dilute acid is no reaction
29
Q

If magnesium is left in a beaker of water, it takes several days to collect enough gas to test with a lighted spill.
The resulting ‘pop’ shows what?

A

The resulting ‘pop’ shows that the gas is hydrogen

30
Q

Aluminium will not react with water, or dilute acid, because it is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide, so it will not react with water or dilute acid unless what?

A 
Aluminium will not react with water, or dilute acid, because it is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide, so it will not react with:
1. Water
Or,
2. Dilute acid
unless the oxide layer is removed
31
Q

Even though aluminium is a fairly reactive metal, aluminium can be used outside, for example in sliding patio doors, without corroding, because it is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide, so it will not corrode as fast as if what?

A

Even though aluminium is a fairly reactive metal, aluminium can be used outside, for example in sliding patio doors, without corroding, because it is protected by a layer of aluminium oxide, so it will not corrode as fast as if the oxide layer was removed

GCSE Chemistry COPY (70 decks)

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