C3.9 - Bonding in metals Flashcards
Describe the atoms in metals
The atoms in metals are built up layer upon layer in a regular pattern
The atoms in metals are built up layer upon layer in a regular pattern.
What does this mean?
This means that metals form crystals
The atoms in metals are built up layer upon layer in a regular pattern.
This means that metals form crystals, although these are not always obvious to the naked eye.
However, sometimes you can see them.
Where can you see zinc crystals?
You can see zinc crystals on the surface of some steel that has been dipped into molten zinc to prevent it from rusting
You can see zinc crystals on the surface of some steel that has been dipped into molten zinc to prevent it from rusting.
What is this called?
This is called galvanised steel
What give us evidence that metals are made up of atoms arranged in regular patterns?
Metal crystals give us evidence that metals are made up of atoms arranged in regular patterns
What are metals an example of?
Metals are an example of giant structures
Metals are an example of giant structures.
How can you think of a metal?
You can think of a metal as a lattice of positively charged ions
Metals are an example of giant structures.
You can think of a metal as a lattice of positively charged ions.
How are the metal ions arranged?
The metal ions are arranged in regular layers, one on top of another
Metals are an example of giant structures.
You can think of a metal as a lattice of positively charged ions.
The metal ions are arranged in regular layers, one on top of another.
What can the outer electrons from each metal atom do?
The outer electrons from each metal atom can easily move throughout the giant structure
Metals are an example of giant structures.
You can think of a metal as a lattice of positively charged ions.
The metal ions are arranged in regular layers, one on top of another.
The outer electrons from each metal atom can easily move throughout the giant structure.
What do the outer electrons form?
The outer electrons form a ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons surrounding the positively charged metal ions
Metals are an example of giant structures.
The outer electrons from each metal atom can easily move throughout the giant structure.
The outer electrons form a ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons surrounding the positively charged metal ions.
What bonds the metal ions to each other?
Strong electrostatic attraction between the:
1. Negatively charged electrons
2. Positively charged ions
bond the metal ions to each other
Metals are an example of giant structures.
The outer electrons from each metal atom can easily move throughout the giant structure.
The outer electrons form a ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons surrounding the positively charged metal ions.
What are the electrons in the ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons called?
The electrons in the ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons are called delocalised electrons
Delocalised electron
A delocalised electron is a bonding electron that is no longer associated with any one particular atom
The outer electrons from each metal atom can easily move throughout their giant structure.
The outer electrons form a ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons surrounding the positively charged metal ions, called delocalised electrons.
What are they no longer?
They are no longer linked with any particular metal ion in the giant metallic structure
The outer electrons from each metal atom can easily move throughout their giant structure.
The outer electrons form a ‘sea’ of free-moving electrons surrounding the positively charged metal ions, called delocalised electrons.
They are no longer linked with any particular metal ion in the giant metallic structure.
What do these delocalised electrons help to do?
These delocalised electrons help to explain the properties of metals
The atoms in metals are built up layer upon layer in a regular pattern.
This means that metals form crystals, although what?
This means that metals form crystals, although these are not always obvious to the naked eye
The atoms in metals are built up layer upon layer in a regular pattern.
This means that metals form crystals, although these are not always obvious to the naked eye.
However, sometimes you can what?
Sometimes you can see them
Metal crystals, such as what, give us evidence that metals are made up of atoms arranged in regular patterns?
Metal crystals, such as the zinc ones shown on galvanised lamp posts, give us evidence that metals are made up of atoms arranged in regular patterns
