C2

Question 1

What is the structure of an atom

Answer 1

There’s a nucleus that contain protons and neutrons, then a shell of electrons around the nucleus.

Question 2

What is the charge and relative mass of a proton

Answer 2

+1, and 1

Question 3

What is the charge and relative mass of a neutron

Answer 3

no charge, and 1

Question 4

What is the charge and relative mass of a electron

Answer 4

-1, and no mass

Question 5

What can the same atom differ in

Answer 5

They can have different amounts of neutrons

Question 6

What do atoms that have different amounts of neutrons called

Answer 6

isotopes

Question 7

Do isotopes have the same properties

Answer 7

Yes as they have the same amount of outer electrons

Question 8

How are atomic masses in periodic tables determined

Answer 8

Total mass of all isotopes added then divided by total amount of the atom

Question 9

What electrons are used when reactions occur

Answer 9

Only the outermost, the inner shells of electrons are very stable.

Question 10

How is the periodic table arranged

Answer 10

In order of increasing atomic number, each period or row has the same amount of electron shells, then each group has similar properties due to having the same amount of valence electrons, and reactivity of elements go up as you go down for metals and for non metals go up as you go up.

Question 11

Physical properties of metals

Answer 11

Malleable
Ductile
Solid at room temperatures
Lusturous
High melting and boiling point
Good conductors

Question 12

Physical properties of non-metals

Answer 12

doesn’t have metal properties

Question 13

Why do metals get more reactive as they get larger

Answer 13

As they naturally lose electrons the more shells they have the less attraction force from the nucleus to valence electrons. This makes reactions faster and thus easier.

Question 14

Why do non-metals get more reactive the smaller they are

Answer 14

As they want to gain electrons the closer the nucleus is to valence electrons, the stronger the attraction will be the other electrons.

Question 15

What are metal oxides usually in Ph

Answer 15

Basic and alkalis meaning a soluuble base

Question 16

What are non-metal oxides usually in Ph

Answer 16

Acidic, if not then neutral

Question 17

What are Amphoteric Oxides and what metal oxide and hydroxides are amphtoeric

Answer 17

Metal oxides that act as an acid and base. Zinc and Aluminium

Question 18

What is a property of noble gases or group 8

Answer 18

they’re inert, none reactive as they have a full shell feeling no furtherelectrostatic foce

Question 19

Use and reason for all noble gases

Answer 19

Helium: Filling baloons, light and non flammable

Neon: Neon light signs, very bright light

Argon: Filling household lamps, stops filaments

Krypton and Xenon: Filling lamps and lasers as they’re horrible conductors

Radon: Used for radiotherapy, as they’re highly reactive.

Question 20

Group 1 metal properties

Answer 20

They are all soft in contrary of metal physical properties.

Question 21

Group 1 metal trends

Answer 21

As you go down the metals become more reactive, thus reacting with water, becomes more harder, denser, and lower melting point as the atoms become larger as you go down the group

Question 22

How are group 1 metals stored

Answer 22

In oil or group 1 metals as they’re reactive and may combust in air or corrode.

Question 23

What is created when group 1 metals react with water

Answer 23

a metal hydroxide and hydrogen

Question 24

As you go down in group 1 how is the water solution ph affected

Answer 24

it becomes more basic

Question 25

What are some trends in halogens

Answer 25

group 7 diatomic non-metals that are colorful. Their melting and boiling points increase as you go down the group.

Question 26

Halogens colors

Answer 26

Fluorine is a pale yellow gas.
Chlorine is a pale green gas.
Bromine is a reddish-brown liquid.
Iodine is a shiny, purple-black solid.

Question 27

Halogen physical states

Answer 27

Flourine and chlorine gare gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine is a solid

Question 28

transition element properties

Answer 28

high densities, high melting points and forming coloured compounds