Bugs affecting Unvaccinated Children

Question 1

name the clinical dermatologic presentation of bugs affecting unvaccinated children

Answer 1

• rash

Question 2

what are the 2 possible findings associated with a rash and unvaccinated children? What are the pathogens associated with each finding?

Answer 2

• beginning at head and moving down with postauricular lymphadenopathy
  
  • Rubella virus
• beginning at head and moving down
  
  • rash is preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and blue white (Koplik) spots on buccal mucosa
    
    • Measles virus

Question 3

name the clinical neurologic presentation of bugs affecting unvaccinated children

Answer 3

• meningitis

Question 4

what are the 2 possible findings associated with meningitis and unvaccinated children? What are the pathogens associated with each finding?

Answer 4

• microbe colonizes nasopharynx
  
  • H. influenzae type B
• can also lead to myalgia and paralysis
  
  • Poliovirus

Question 5

name the 2 possible clinical respiratory presentations of bugs affecting unvaccinated children

Answer 5

• epiglottitis
• pharyngitis

Question 6

what are the findings and the pathogens associated with epiglottitis and unvaccinated children?

Answer 6

• fever with dysphagia
• drooling
• difficulty breathing due to edematous “cherry red” epiglottis
• “thumbprint sign” on x-ray
  
  • H. influenzae type B
    
    • also capable of causing epiglottitis in fully immunized children

Question 7

what are the findings and the pathogens associated with pharyngitis and unvaccinated children?

Answer 7

• grayish oropharyngeal exudate–“pseudomembranes” may obstruct airway
• painful throat
  
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae–elaborates toxin that causes necrosis in pharynx, cardiac, and CNS tissue