BSHM 55: CHAPTER 3 Flashcards
is the body’s negative reaction to a food protein.
Food Allergy
is the introduction or occurrence of a contaminant in food.
Cross contamination
pertains to water fit for human consumption.
Potable
SOURCES OF FOOD SAFETY HAZARDS
- People
- Unsanitary Facilities and Equipment
- Disease-spreading pests
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 18-36 hours after eating contaminated food and include:
• diarrhea or constipation;
• weakness,
• dizziness;
• double vision or blurred vision;
• difficulty in speaking, swallowing, and breathing; and
• paralysis.
Botulism/Clostridium Botulinum
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• Home-canned foods
• Improperly processedfoods.
• Sausages and meats
• Canned low-acid foods, such as some vegetables
• Untreated garlic in oil
• Sautéed onions in butter sauce
Leftover, unrefrigerated, and foil-wrapped baked potatoes
Botulism/Clostridium Botulinum
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Prevention
• Discard damaged cans.
• Do not use home-canned foods in a food service establishment.
• Do not mix and then store oil and garlic.
• Follow rules for time and temperature control.
• Sauté onions as needed. Do not sauté and then store unrefrigerated for later use.
• Do not store left overbaked potatoes in foil wrapping. Unwrap and chill correctly.
• Chill foods properly.
Botulism/Clostridium Botulinum
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 2-5 days after eating contaminated food, can last 7-10 days, and include:
• diarrhea (watery or bloody);
• fever;
• nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain;
• headache; and
• muscle pain.
Campylobacteriosis/Camplylobacter jejuni
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• Unpasteurized milk and dairy products
• Raw poultry
• Raw beef
• Non-chlorinated or fecal-contaminated water
• Birds and flies can carry it and contaminate food
Campylobacteriosis/Camplylobacter jejuni
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 3-8
days after eating contaminated food, can last 2-9 days, and include:
• cramping;
• diarrhea (watery or bloody):
• vomiting; and
• hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).
Escherichia coli
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• In intestinal tract of animals, particularly cattles and humans
• Raw or undercooked ground beef
• Raw milk or dairy products
• Unpasteurized apple cider or juice
• Unpasteurized cheese
• Dry salami
• Uncooked fruits and vegetables
Escherichia coli
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 3-70 days after eating contaminated food; 21- day onset is most common. Symptoms
include:
• sudden onset of fever;
• muscle aches;
• diarrhea or vomiting;
• headaches;
• stiff neck;
• confusion;
• loss of balance; and
• convulsions.
Listeriosis/Listeria monocytogenes
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• In soil, ground water, plants, and intestinal tracts of humans and animals
• Unpasteurized milk and cheese
• Ice cream.
• Raw vegetables
• Raw and cooked poultry
• Raw meat and fish
• Prepared and chilled ready-to-eat foods
• Deli meats, luncheon meats, hot dogs
• Soft cheese such as feta and brie
Listeriosis/Listeria monocytogenes
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 6-48
hours after eating contaminated food, can last 1-2 days, and include:
• stomach cramps;
• headache;
• nausea; fever;
• diarrhea,
• vomiting, and
• severe dehydration (infants and elderly)
Salmonellosis/Salmonella spp
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• Raw meat and poultry
• Milk and dairy products
• Fish and shrimp
• Sauces and salad dressing
• Cake mixes
• Cream-filled desserts
and toppings
• Peanut butter
• Cocoa and chocolate
• Sliced fresh fruits and vegetables such as melons, strawberries, and tomatoes
• Raw sprouts
Salmonellosis/Salmonella spp
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 12-50 hours after eating contaminated food, can last up to 2 weeks, and include:
• abdominal pain;
• diarrhea containing blood and mucus,
• fever;
• nausea;
• vomiting; chills,
• fatigue; and
• dehydration.
Shigellosis/Shigella spp
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• In intestinal tract of humans and polluted water, spread by flies and food handlers
• Meat salads
• Potato and pasta salads
• Lettuce and other raw vegetables
• Milk and dairy products
• Ready-to-eat foods
Shigellosis/Shigella spp
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Symptoms
Symptoms begin 1-4 hours after eating contaminated food, can last 2-3 days, and include:
• nausea;
• vomiting,
• stomach cramping; and
• exhaustion.
Staphylococcus aureus
WHAT ILLNESS/BACTERIUM
Foods Involved
• Humans and animals are main carriers.
• Leftovers
• Meat and poultry
• Eggs and egg products
• Milk and dairy products
• Meat and potato salads
• Salad dressings
• Sandwich fillings
Staphylococcus aureus
WHAT ILLNESS/VIRUS
Symptoms
The illness usually is mild and starts about 2 to 4 weeks after the contaminated food or water is eaten or drunk. It causes:
• inflammation of the liver; fever;
• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea:
• muscle aches; and
• jaundice.
Hepatitis/Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
WHAT ILLNESS/VIRUS
Foods Involved
• Contaminated water
• Shellfish Salads
• Ready-to-eat food
Hepatitis/Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
WHAT ILLNESS/VIRUS
Symptoms
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Abdominal cramps
Norovirus/Gastroenteritis Norovirus
WHAT ILLNESS/VIRUS
Food Involved
• Ready-to-eat food
• shellfish from contaminated water
Norovirus/Gastroenteritis Norovirus
WHAT ILLNESS/PARASITES
Symptoms
• Tingling in throat
• Coughing up worms
Larvae hatch from the eggs in your small intestine and then go through the intestinal wall to travel to the heart and lungs via the bloodstream or lymphatic system. After maturing for about 10 to 14 days in your lungs, the larvae break into your airway and travel up the throat, where they’re coughed up and swallowed
Anisakiasis/Anisakis simplex
WHAT ILLNESS/PARASITES
Foods Involved
Raw and undercooked fish, including:
• Herring
• Cod
• Halibut
• Mackerel
• Pacific salmon
Anisakiasis/Anisakis simplex
WHAT ILLNESS/PARASITES
Symptoms
• Weight loss
• Watery diarrhea
• Abdominal cramps
• Nausea
Cryptosporidiosis/Cryptosporidium parvum
WHAT ILLNESS/PARASITES
Foods Involved
• Contaminated water
• Produce
Cryptosporidiosis/Cryptosporidium parvum
is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms
Fungus
can cause food discoloration, and unpleasant odor and taste.
Yeasts and molds
Occur when a harmful chemical gets into a food that is then eaten by a person
Chemical Hazard
Examples of this hazard are:
• soaps
• detergents
• degreasers
• pesticides
• sanitizers
Chemical Hazard
Common symptoms of this are as follows:
• Itching in and around the mouth, face, or scalp
• Tightening in the throat
• Wheezing or shortness of breath
• Hives
• Swelling of the face, eyes, hands, or feet
• Abdominal cramps, vomiting, or diarrhea
• Loss of consciousness
Food Allergy
occur when a foreign object gets into food accidentally
Physical Hazard
