Breast Flashcards
The ______ is made up of 15 to 20 lobes, adipose tissue, connective tissue, circulatory vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
breast
the breast lies over the ________ ________
extends from the ______ to the ______ rib
- pectorals major muscles
- 2nd - 6th rib and from the sternum to the midaxilary line
The ____of breast produce milk and drain to the nipple
lobes
The _______is encircled by a pigmented area called the areola
nipple - milks comes out of
The breast is positioned between 2nd and 6th rib and from the sternum to the
midaxillary line
Muscles that are underneath the breast are the
pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles
The _______ refers to the breast tissue that is close to the axilla
tail of spence
___________ are connective tissue that extend throughout the breast to help support it
Cooper’s suspensory ligaments
Most common site for breast cancer is the
upper outer quadrant (UOQ)
A common chemotherapy combination used for breast cancer is
CMF- cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-FU
_____ lymph nodes= main site of drainage from the ipsilateral breast
Axillary
Deep lymph in the breast are the ____________ lymph nodes
axillary, internal mammary (1M) and supraclavicular
______can be used to treat hormone-receptor-positive and early-stage breast cancer
tamoxifen
-Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) medication used to treat breast cancer in men and women and as a prophylactic agent against breast cancer in women.
_____ lymph nodes in the breast are in the skin overlying the breast
superficial
There are three levels of the _____ nodes
Level l:
Level l: lowest and most superficial; first place for drainage; located lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle
Level Il
Level Il: located under the pectoralis minor muscle; more superior than level I
Level Ill: l
Level Ill: located superior to the pectoralis minor muscle; more superior than level
_______ lymph nodes, are located lateral to the sternum on either side
internal mammary
Most common pathology of breast cancer is
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ means that the cancer cells did not invade the
basement membrane
_________is the second most common histopathology of breast
Infiltrating lobular carcinoma
Inflammatory breast cancer is very
rare
Clinical presentation of inflammatory breast cancer is
peau d’orange, erythema, thickening, warmth, and hardening of the breast
Male breast cancer is less than ____ of all breast cancer cases
1 percent
Breast cancer Invades locally through direct extension within the
same breast
risks factor for breast cancer include
- personal or family history
- gene mutation (BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes)
- estrogen levels rising (due to early menstruation late pregnancy or late menopause )
signs for breast cancers
- lumps
- change in size or shape
- dimple or puckering
- peau d orange
- inverted nipple
-nipple discahrge
test for breast cancer
- clinical breast exam CBE
- mammography
- Ultrasound
- MRI
- Biopsy
for breast caner distant spread is to
bone lung brain and liver
treatment for breast cancer are
surgery :
- breast conserving surgery - lumpactomy
- mastectomy - total removal of breast
treatment for breast cancer are
Radiation therapy:
- whole breast with boost
- imrt
APBI
brachtherapy
hormonal therapy used for
to kill remainder of breast cancer
common chemo combo for breast cancer
CMF
