Brannigans Building Construction CH.8 Wood Frame Construction Flashcards
1
Q
T or F: what is a combustible
A
True
2
Q
Wood and thin sections can have very rapid
A
Flame spread
3
Q
A building with skeleton of beams and columns in which the walls are only curtain wall
A
Framed building
4
Q
Type of Wall that is non load-bearing it carries no weight other than its own weight and is installed only to keep out weather
A
Curtain wall
5
Q
In a framed building the frame itself carries the entire
A
Weight of structure as well as live loads
6
Q
A structure where the entire structural load is carried on the walls
A
Wall bearing
7
Q
Usually referred to as a frame building, is actually a wall bearing building that carries load of the structure and contents
A
Wooden walled building
8
Q
To cut off the corners of a Timber to retard ignition
A
chamfer
9
Q
Lumber with tongues and grooves at the end
A
end matched
10
Q
In construction trade it refers to laminated Timbers; wood modified from its natural state or Lumber come by to make elements
A
Engineered wood
11
Q
Solid Timber that is formed from planks that are glued together
A
Glued laminated Timber
12
Q
Lumber that is 8 in or more and its smallest dimensions
A
Heavy Timber
13
Q
Floor beams
A
Joists
14
Q
Of solid wood members as opposed to lightweight wood trusses and wooden I joist
A
Legacy Construction
15
Q
Wood that has been Sawn and planed
A
Lumber
16
Q
Tongue and grooved Lumber (usually lengthwise)
A
Matched Lumber
17
Q
Made of layers of strands of wood cut from logs with a fairly constant width to length ratio
A
Oriented strand board (OSB)
18
Q
Had less expansion from moisture; available in sizes larger than 4 by 8 ft
A
Oriented strand board (OSB) also oriented flakeboard
19
Q
Layers of wood veneer laid in different directions glued together under pressure
A
Plywood
20
Q
Lumber that is left as sawn on all four sides
A
Rough lumber
21
Q
Wooden strips that fit into grooves in 2 adjacent planks to make a tight floor
A
Splines
22
Q
Column in frame buildings usually 2x4 in or 2x6 in
A
Stud
23
Q
Wood lath is found in
A
older Construction
24
Q
Narrow rough strip of wood nailed to studs, plaster spread on them
A
Wood lath
25
Thin Grooved board use for ceilings and wall panels
Wood wainscoting
26
Non load-bearing uses of would include
Wood lath for carrying plaster and wood wainscotting
27
Wood can be used structurally to carry
Building loads
28
Wood is used to carry major structural loads in many forms of type 5 Construction:
Log Cabin
Post and frame
Balloon frame (Eastern framing)
Platform frame (Western framing)
Plank and beam
Truss frame
29
Building that has an identifiable frame or skeleton of Timber that is fitted together
Post and frame
30
Post and frame are constructed using
Mortise and Tenon (socket and tongue) joints, fitted together to transfer loads properly
31
The joints of mortise and Tenon are pin with wooden pegs called
Trunnels
32
They are the ancestors of high-rise because they are framed not wall bearing buildings meaning walls are not structural or load-bearing
Post and frame
33
Many new post and frame buildings are in close with
Foam core panels; foam roof present possibility of failure
34
in the 1920's many balloon frame houses were built with exterior finish to resemble post and frame construction called
English tudor
35
At Walt Disney World and Other amusement parks buildings of Steel construction are decorated to have appearance of
Post and frame
36
Type of construction that became an almost Universal construction method for multi-story wooden buildings until middle of 1900s
Balloon frame Construction
37
In this construction studs run two or more stories high from Foundation to the eave line; channels between studs may be open from Cellar to attic and Joist channels are open to stud channels
Balloon frame building
38
Space between joist
Joist channels
39
In balloon frame building at the floor line a horizontal board called what is nailed to the studs; joist rest on these
Ribbon board
40
In balloon frame construction interconnected voids can be considered to be
One large balloon
41
When balloon frame buildings are remodeled what may or may not be installed
Fire stopping
42
Reasonable to assume that any wooden building built from 1940 and more than one story high was probably of what type of construction
Balloon frame
43
Who is often the culprit for starting fires in walls of balloon frame buildings
Plumber's
44
Where is the worst place for fire to start in a balloon frame building
Basement
45
When dealing with a balloon frame fire it is imperative for firefighters to anticipate spread and send companies with hose line to
Upper floors and attic
46
In a balloon frame building fire you should consider designating
Extension sector and Fire officer to observe building on all sides
47
Signs of fire spread in balloon frame building
Blistered paint
Smoke from Eaves
Sudden increase in volume of smoke below operating forces
Any sign to evacuate
48
Sand like material found inside wall stud channels of balloon frame homes for insulation
vermiculite
49
In this type of construction first floor is built as a platform; sub flooring laid on the joist and frame for first floor walls is erected on first floor
Platform frame Construction
50
Typically the limit for platform frame Construction
3 stories
51
In a balloon frame building their structural continually from top to bottom versus what that has no continuity from top to bottom
Platform frame building
52
In what type of construction do inherent barriers exist to limit spread of fire through walls; confining fire to one portion of structure even if fire gains access to concealed space
Platform frame Construction
53
The one common vertical means of fire spread and both balloon frame and platform frame buildings
Open stairwell
54
In single-family homes what is the fastest way for smoking heat to rise to the top of the home
Open stairwell
55
False space above built-in cabinets usually in kitchen or in under sides of stairways and projecting Eaves
Soffit
56
Provides a connection generally without a fire stop between wall and joist spaces
Soffit
57
Often feel back-to-back and multi-family dwelling so far makes then immediately to a Jason occupancy
Soffit
58
Once a foundation in basement have been built what are the platform frame may begin
Rough carpentry
59
First floor seal is laid on the foundation wall followed by floor joists usually spaced
16 to 24 in on Center
60
After floor joist are placed what is placed in the form of plywood or OSB on top of the joist
Subflooring
61
What is placed between joist to keep them erect and to help share the loading placed on the floor
Bridging or (cross-bracing)
62
Floor openings are created for stairwells and the like throughout the use of what
Header (along end of opening) and trimmer (along length of opening)
63
Wood Walls consisting of studs spaced how much have a bottom plate and a top plate
16 in on Center
64
Once all of the walls have been erected and tie together the bracing is removed and what is placed over the studs
Sheathing panels (sometimes insulating)
65
in in platform Construction The top set of walls receives roof framing consisting of
Rafters and Ridge board (ridge pole)
66
Using what gives the roof a variety of sloped shapes
Hip or Valley
67
In a platform frame stairway what supports the risers and treads
Stringers
68
Vertical stair components between treads
Riser
69
Horizontal stair component on which people place their feet
Tread
70
The taller the Riser and smaller the tread
The steeper set of stairs
71
And this type of construction instead of using multiple floor beams play 16 in apart have your beams are used and are spaced much farther apart
Plank and beam
72
In Plank and beam construction instead of thin rub so flooring or plywood what is used
Thick finish tongue and groove planks
73
In Plank and beam construction the Finished plank surface is
ceiling of floor below
74
What is a positive benefit of Plank and beam Construction
Reduces volume of concealed spaces in which fire can burn shielded from hose stream
75
Many churches and similar buildings with high Open Spaces are built of
Rigid laminated wood frames or arches and heavy plank roofs
76
Any intermediate structure such a sacristy or robing room should be what because of their particular hazard
Sprinklered or built of non-combustible construction
77
Hammer beam Truss is used in
Churches and other Monumental Gothic structures
78
Trusses are most often used as
Beams
79
Composed of 2x4 in pieces of wood, piece together and subsequently joined together with light gauge galvanized steel gusset plates
Lightweight wood truss
80
Contains a series of small 3/8 in teeth that are pressed into wood surface
Steel gusset plates (gang nails)
81
lightweight wood truss that uses finger joints and adhesives such as phenol and resorcinol formaldehydes, are mainly held together by
Friction and glue
82
Built of small cross-section of wood with high surface to mass ratio characteristics of kindling
Lightweight wood truss floors
83
Lightweight wood truss floors can not only collapse early but the void is also a reservoir for
Carbon monoxide (CO)
84
During a fire the presence of truss floors may be disclosed by smoke or fire pushing through
Wall at the floor line (less likely in a brick veneer building)
85
Wood truss floors lack what that is present in a legacy Construction meaning that fire department's roof ladder hooks will hang on the roof deck sheathing rather than beam
Ridge pole
86
During construction of lightweight wood truss roofs the roof trusses must be temporarily held a wrecked by use of wood slats to tie them together meaning
Roof itself holds roof trusses up right
87
When attempting to ventilate a lightweight wood truss roof it must be performed using
Aerial device such as Tower ladder
88
Floor sealing void not high enough to be called an attic
Truss void or trussloft
89
Joisted floor found in Legacy construction has one tremendous advantage over the truss
Each joist acts as a fire stop; area of void is limited
90
Uses of trusses provides a huge increase in the volume of
Concealed voids in structure
91
General rule is that any exposure in which product of concentration (PPM) x duration (mins) equals what is likely to be dangerous
= 33,000
92
A 10-minute exposure to how much of CO would be hazardous and possibly incapacitating
3500 ppm
93
12,500 ppm of CO can be
Fatal after a few breaths
94
flammability range and ignition temperature of CO
Flammability range= 12.5-74%
Ignition temperature= 1128*F
95
When an ideal mixture of CO an air is present a detonation can result; usually appears as a huge sudden burst of flames known as
Deflagration
96
When trusses are extended out either as cantilevers or as continuous beams to support balcony that is the only exit for occupants and only access point for the fire department where the trust passes over exterior wall fire stopping or draftstopping is in the form of what
Sheet of gypsum board buttered into place
97
Standard for the installation of sprinkler system and low-rise residential occupancies
NFPA 13R
98
Purpose of the system is to prevent flashover save lives and permit occupants to escape; partial systems and should not be expected to provide fire suppression or control
Residential sprinkler systems
99
Residential sprinkler systems only cover selected portions of occupied spaces such as
Bathrooms under 55 ft^2
Closet under 24 ft^2
Balconies are not protected
100
What places found in lightweight wood frame structures are not protected by residential sprinkler systems
Unoccupied attics and floor void spaces
