Body by Design Chapters 9-10

Question 1

___ is the primary waste gas expelled by the lungs.

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide

Question 2

___ must be collected for removal from the body.

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide and other byproducts of cellular metabolism

Question 3

Blood follows ___ major pathways and __ minor pathways throughout the body.

Answer 3

two; two

Question 4

It takes a ___ to build immunity to the majority of cold viruses in one’s environment.

Answer 4

lifetime

Question 5

In order for the body to stay alive, each of its cells must receive a continuous supply of ___.

Answer 5

nutrients and oxygen

Question 6

List the 3 types of blood vessels and briefly describe their functions.

Answer 6

a. Arteries are thick-walled, muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the organs and tissues of the body.
b. Capillaries are the functional units of the circulatory system and bring blood within reach of every cell.
c. Veins are vessels that carry blood from the capillaries of the organs and tissues toward the heart.

Question 7

Briefly describe how the diaphragm, intercostal and abdominal muscles, ribs, and pleural membranes aid the respiratory system.

Answer 7

The diaphragm and the intercostal and abdominal muscles are responsible for contracting and expanding the thoracic cavity to effect respiration. The ribs serve as a structural support for the whole thoracic arrangement. The pleural membranes help provide lubrication for the respiratory organs so that they are not chafed during respiration.

Question 8

The respiratory system is responsible for supplying ___ to the blood and expelling waste gases.

Answer 8

oxygen